Eliminating Odd Powers in the Expansion of (1+x)^n

  • Thread starter Thread starter Lilia
  • Start date Start date
AI Thread Summary
The discussion centers on finding the number of "words" of length n composed of the digits {0,1,2} that contain an even number of 0s. The approach involves selecting 2k positions for 0s from n, leading to the formula C(n, 2k) multiplied by 2^(n-2k) for the remaining positions filled with 1s and 2s. The challenge lies in transforming this into a binomial form while eliminating odd powers in the expansion of (1+x)^n. A suggestion is made to consider adding another expansion to remove the odd powers. The conversation emphasizes the application of the binomial theorem to derive the necessary formula.
Lilia
Messages
47
Reaction score
0

Homework Statement


Given an alphabet of {0,1,2}, how many "words" of length n are there that contain even 0s?

Homework Equations


Choose 2k 0s from n - C(n,2k), k=0,n/2

The Attempt at a Solution


I tried to solve this for n=4 and n=5. For n=4 I got 12 (or, if 0000 is also counted then 13), for n=5 - 30. But I can't figure out the formula
 
Physics news on Phys.org
First, consider this problem : How many words of length ##n## contains ##2k## ##0##s?
There are ##^nC_{2k}## ways to choose the ##2k## places for ##2k## ##0##s. After setting ##0##s, we have ##n-2k## places to be filled up by ##1##s and ##2##s. We can use as many ##1##s and ##2##s as we like. So there are ##2^{n-2k}## ways to fill the rest ##n-2k## places by ##1##s and ##2##s.
Therefore, there are ##^nC_{2k}\cdot 2^{n-2k}## words of length ##n## that contain ##2k## 0s.
Can you figure out the formula now?
[Hints: Apply binomial theorem]
 
Last edited:
I know what is the binomial theorem but I don't know how to transform this formula to get the binomial form of it
 
Lilia said:
I know what is the binomial theorem but I don't know how to transform this formula to get the binomial form of it
Consider the expansion of (1+x)n. Your problem is that you get both odd and even powers of x. How could you add another expansion to make only the odd powers disappear?
 
I tried to combine those 2 formulas but it didn't work. I tried using another case where there are 2 red balls and 2 blue balls only so when combining the formula I got ##\frac{(4-1)!}{2!2!}=\frac{3}{2}## which does not make sense. Is there any formula to calculate cyclic permutation of identical objects or I have to do it by listing all the possibilities? Thanks
Essentially I just have this problem that I'm stuck on, on a sheet about complex numbers: Show that, for ##|r|<1,## $$1+r\cos(x)+r^2\cos(2x)+r^3\cos(3x)...=\frac{1-r\cos(x)}{1-2r\cos(x)+r^2}$$ My first thought was to express it as a geometric series, where the real part of the sum of the series would be the series you see above: $$1+re^{ix}+r^2e^{2ix}+r^3e^{3ix}...$$ The sum of this series is just: $$\frac{(re^{ix})^n-1}{re^{ix} - 1}$$ I'm having some trouble trying to figure out what to...
Back
Top