Op-amp output: resistors in parallel

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the behavior of an inverting operational amplifier circuit, specifically focusing on the output voltage and the voltage at a specific point in the circuit, referred to as point X. Participants explore concepts related to ideal op-amps, voltage references, and current flow in the context of resistors in parallel.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants calculate the output voltage using the formula involving the resistors and currents, questioning the voltage at point X.
  • Others assert that in an ideal op-amp configuration, the voltage at point X is always 0V, raising questions about the purpose of finding this voltage.
  • There is a discussion about the implications of having current flow through resistors despite the voltage at point X being zero, with some expressing confusion over how current can flow without a voltage drop.
  • One participant suggests considering the voltage at the positive pin of the op-amp as a reference point, proposing that if a battery were connected, point X would reflect that voltage.
  • Another participant introduces the term 'virtual Earth summing junction' and discusses the concept of infinite voltage gain in ideal op-amps, noting that the performance of circuits can vary across different amplifier chips.
  • Some participants critique the terminology used in the discussion, expressing that terms like 'virtual earth' can be misleading or confusing.
  • There is a debate about the role of negative feedback in achieving equal voltage at the op-amp inputs, with some emphasizing that it is the feedback that facilitates this behavior rather than the op-amp itself.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the significance of point X's voltage, the interpretation of current flow in the absence of voltage, and the appropriateness of terminology related to op-amp concepts. No consensus is reached on these points, indicating ongoing debate and exploration of the topic.

Contextual Notes

Some participants note the complexity of the concepts discussed, including the assumptions made about ideal op-amps and the implications of negative feedback, which may not be fully resolved in the conversation.

Mechatron
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In the inverting operational amplifier circuit I've drawn below I am trying to calculate the output voltage and the voltage at the blue spot. The resistors are of the magnitude of several K ohm.
I have done the following:

Uout = Rf * (I1+I2+I3) = Rf * (U1/R1 + U2/R2 + U3/R3)

The voltage Ux before the negative input pin of the operational amplifier:
Ux - Uout = Rf * (I1+I2+I3)
Ux = Rf * (I1+I2+I3) + Uout

The circuit:
http://s8.postimg.org/s6yj53wcl/Circuit.png
 
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But if an ideal op-amp is used the voltage at point X will always be equal to 0V.
So why you want to find the voltage at point X ?
 
Jony130 said:
But if an ideal op-amp is used the voltage at point X will always be equal to 0V.
So why you want to find the voltage at point X ?

So there is no voltage drop over the resistors, although there is a current generated through the resistor? So the point X is just like a ground? I just find it difficult to understand how there can be a flow of electrons, when there is no voltage.
 
Jony130 said:
But if an ideal op-amp is used the voltage at point X will always be equal to 0V.
So why you want to find the voltage at point X ?

Should I consider the voltage on the positive pin of the op-amp as a voltage reference?
So if there was a battery attached between the ground and the positive input pin, the voltage at point X would be equal to the voltage of the battery (voltage reference)?
 
Mechatron said:
So there is no voltage drop over the resistors, although there is a current generated through the resistor? So the point X is just like a ground? I just find it difficult to understand how there can be a flow of electrons, when there is no voltage.
For suer there will be a current flow through resistors.

32_1254347602.png



Can you solve for Va in this simply circuit ??
attachment.php?attachmentid=66255&stc=1&d=1391451171.png

Next as yourself a question, the voltage at point Va is equal to 0V but current still flow in this circuit why?
So there is no voltage drop over the resistors, although there is a current generated through the resistor? So the point X is just like a ground? I just find it difficult to understand how there can be a flow of electrons, when there is no voltage.
Exactly, it is true as long as we have a negative feedback in the circuit.
https://www.physicsforums.com/showthread.php?t=596704#post3866238
 

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The basic operation of an ideal op-amp is that the output will do the best it can to cause the + and - pins to be equal. When you write the circuit equations, you start with that assumption, that + and - are equal.
 
meBigGuy said:
The basic operation of an ideal op-amp is that the output will do the best it can to cause the + and - pins to be equal. When you write the circuit equations, you start with that assumption, that + and - are equal.

It's strange how you and the_emi_guy seem to be the only two guys who answer me, in general.
 
I just found this thread. Did no one introduce the term 'virtual Earth summing junction' yet? I was taught the concept and the term very early in my OP Amp work. If you google that term, you may come across lots more to read.
The point about OpAmps is that they can be assumed, very often, to have infinite voltage gain (at low frequency). As with all negative feedback circuits, the overall gain of the amplifier tends to be defined by the feedback components and not the individual device gain (assuming it is 'high enough'). If you look at the volts on the virtual earth, for a number of different amplifier chips, the actual voltage variations will all be tiny but they will vary from device to device - although the overall circuits will have the same performance. Hence, you do not care about that signal (except to check that it is 'zero' when you are fault finding).
 
pretty old fashioned, misleading, inaccurate, distracting, confusing term. (notice that I am trolling. I wonder if I will catch anything?)
 
  • #10
Your amplifiers will all hoot!
Poetic justice.
And what's wrong with 'virtual earth'? Is it any worse than claiming that an amplifier will "do the best it can"? I would never ever attribute 'wanting' to any circuit (except, possibly a neural network).
 
  • #11
meBigGuy said:
The basic operation of an ideal op-amp is that the output will do the best it can to cause the + and - pins to be equal. When you write the circuit equations, you start with that assumption, that + and - are equal.

Whilst we are being picky, it is the negative feedback and not the Op Amp that achieves what you claim. An Op Amp just amplifies the difference between its inputs.
You should sort out your own problems before throwing brickbats.
 
  • #12
Lol ...
 

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