Pendulum, conservation of energy theorem

AI Thread Summary
The discussion revolves around calculating the speed of a simple pendulum at its lowest point using the conservation of energy theorem. The initial conditions include a pendulum length of 2 meters and a mass of 2 kg, with a speed of 1.2 m/s at a 35-degree angle. The user initially sets the height (h) to zero at the 35-degree position but struggles to find the correct speed at the lowest point, which is known to be 2.9 m/s. The error identified lies in the potential energy calculation, specifically in determining the height relative to the starting point. Clarification is provided that the height should be calculated from the initial angle, ensuring accurate energy conservation calculations.
fishingspree2
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Homework Statement


A simple pendulum whose length is L=2 meters has a mass of m=2kg. When the angle between the pendulum and the vertical is 35 degrees, it has a speed of 1.2 m/s. Find the pendulum's speed when the pendulum is at its lowest height.


Homework Equations


K = 0.5mv2
U = mgh
E = K+U

The Attempt at a Solution


I arbitrarily set that h=0 when theta = 35 degrees
http://img232.imageshack.us/img232/4803/pend1cs5.jpg
NOTE: I have found the right answer by setting h=0 at the pendulum's lowest point, but I can't find the right answer when I set h=0 when theta = 35 degrees. Since h=0 can be arbitrarily set, I would like to know where is the mistake.

Since E = K + U, and U = 0
then E = K = 0.5mv2 = 0.5(2)(1.22)= 1.44 J
Now, at any point E = K + U = mg*-[L-Lcos(theta)] + 0.5mv2 = mg[Lcos(theta) - L] + 0.5mv2

Now, I am pretty sure the error is in what follows:
At the pendulum's lowest point, theta = 0 degrees
then mg[Lcos(theta) - L] + 0.5mv2 = 0.5mv2 = 1.44 J, solving for v gives back the 1.22 m/s, which is clearly not the answer. If i set theta = 35 degrees, I get v = 2.38 m/s, which is also not correct.

The correct answer is 2.9 m/s
Can anyone help?

Thank you
 
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fishingspree2 said:
Since E = K + U, and U = 0
then E = K = 0.5mv2 = 0.5(2)(1.22)= 1.44 J
Now, at any point E = K + U = mg*-[L-Lcos(theta)] + 0.5mv2 = mg[Lcos(theta) - L] + 0.5mv2
The problem is in your PE term. You need the distance below the start point, which is where θ = 35 degrees. (Why not just calculate that distance for the bottom position? That's what your expression gives if you put θ=35.)
 
Doc Al said:
The problem is in your PE term. You need the distance below the start point, which is where θ = 35 degrees. (Why not just calculate that distance for the bottom position? That's what your expression gives if you put θ=35.)

hmm this is what I did: Since d = L cos theta and the pendulum's length = L, then the distance below the starting point is the -(distance between the blue sphere and the red horizontal line), which is = -(L - L*cos(theta)). Isn't that what we need?
http://img511.imageshack.us/img511/9596/pend2rj9.jpg
 
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fishingspree2 said:
hmm this is what I did: Since d = L cos theta and the pendulum's length = L, then the distance below the starting point is the -(distance between the blue sphere and the red horizontal line), which is = -(L - L*cos(theta)). Isn't that what we need?
Sure. As long as θ = 35. (θ is your initial angle, not the final angle.)
 
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