Phase change in lock-in amplifier

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the phase changes observed in a lock-in amplifier during experiments. Users reported varying phase differences based on pre-amplifier sensitivity settings, with values ranging from +170 to -170 degrees at 1 mV sensitivity. The phase variations are attributed to the gain of the error amplifier, indicating that fluctuations are normal and dependent on measurement techniques. Proper use of the signal generator as a reference input is essential for accurate phase locking.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of lock-in amplifier operation
  • Familiarity with phase-locked loop (PLL) concepts
  • Knowledge of pre-amplifier sensitivity settings
  • Experience with signal generators and their configurations
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the impact of pre-amplifier sensitivity on lock-in amplifier performance
  • Learn about phase-locked loop (PLL) design and functionality
  • Investigate best practices for measuring phase differences in experiments
  • Explore troubleshooting techniques for lock-in amplifier setups
USEFUL FOR

Researchers, experimental physicists, and engineers working with lock-in amplifiers and phase measurement techniques will benefit from this discussion.

Mikech
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I just started to use a lock-in amplifier, and I am trying to following the procedures by adjusting zero phase. But my input phase changes with time and sensitivity, and I couldn't lock in onto it. The question is, is this normal that phase changes all the time during the experiment or if there is something wrong with it?

here is some numbers

pre-amplifier sensitivity was set to 1e-5,1e-6,1e-7)
With lock-in amplifier sensitivity (1 mV), phase changes between ~ +170 through -170 degrees
With lock-in amplifier sensitivity (5 mV), phase changes between ~ +90 through -90 degress
With lock-in amplifier sensitivity (10 mV), phase changes between ~ +40 through -40 degrees


Thanks
 
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Hi, Mikech, and welcome to Physics Forums. :smile:

The phase difference varies with the gain of the error amplifier (sensitivity). That's how the PLL works. I'm not sure what you mean by time, but I'd look closely at your measuring techniques, before concluding that the arrangement is not working as advertised. :smile:

Obviously, the signal generator you are coupling to the circuit should not be affected by the circuit. You should use the input as reference (usually).
 

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