Physics Energy - how fast ball is moving from certain height

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on calculating the speed of a ball rolling down a ramp from a height of 12 cm using the principles of conservation of energy. The correct approach involves using the equation for gravitational potential energy (mgh) and equating it to the sum of translational and rotational kinetic energy. The final derived equation is mgh = (7/10)mv², which accounts for the ball's rolling motion. The calculated speed at the bottom of the ramp is approximately 1.5 m/s, although rounding errors may affect the final answer.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of gravitational potential energy (mgh)
  • Familiarity with kinetic energy equations (1/2 mv²)
  • Knowledge of rotational kinetic energy and moment of inertia
  • Basic algebra for solving equations and manipulating variables
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the conservation of energy principle in physics
  • Learn about the moment of inertia for different shapes, particularly spheres
  • Explore the relationship between linear and angular velocity in rolling motion
  • Practice problems involving energy conservation in rolling objects
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for physics students, particularly those studying mechanics and energy conservation, as well as educators looking for examples of applying theoretical concepts to practical problems.

  • #31
This is v^2. You did not read the previous post?
How do you find v if v^2 is 2.352?
 
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  • #32
Yes so I take the square root of 2.532 to get what v is? Which would be 1.5
 
  • #33
Yes, take the square root.
 
  • #34
Ugh I entered this and it said it was incorrect. Is 1.5 m/s not the right answer?!
 
  • #35
It may be a rounding error.
Or it may be a little more complicated. Depends on the level of your class.

Have you learned about moment of inertia and rotational kinetic energy?
They say that the ball is rolling so you may be supposed to consider the rotation of the ball too.
In this case the kinetic energy will have two terms,
KE=1/2mv^2 + 1/2 I ω^2
where I is the moment of inertia of the ball and ω is the angular speed. For rolling without slipping, ω is v/R where R is the radius of the ball.
Have you seen any of these?
 
  • #36
nasu said:
It may be a rounding error.
Or it may be a little more complicated. Depends on the level of your class.

Have you learned about moment of inertia and rotational kinetic energy?
They say that the ball is rolling so you may be supposed to consider the rotation of the ball too.
In this case the kinetic energy will have two terms,
KE=1/2mv^2 + 1/2 I ω^2
where I is the moment of inertia of the ball and ω is the angular speed. For rolling without slipping, ω is v/R where R is the radius of the ball.
Have you seen any of these?

The question specifically mentions that the ball rolls. That means:

change in gravitational potential energy = (translation kinetic energy)+(rotational kinetic energy)

assuming ball is a solid sphere, you should know the moment of inertia of sphere. and as nasu already mentioned for pure rolling ω= \frac{v}{r}
mgh = \frac{1}{2}mv^2 + \frac{1}{2}Iω^2
mgh = \frac{1}{2}mv^2 + \frac{1}{2}\frac{2mr^2}{5}ω^2
mgh = \frac{1}{2}mv^2 + \frac{1}{2}\frac{2mr^2}{5}(\frac{v}{r})^2

the final equation would come out to be mgh = \frac{7}{10}mv^2
 
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