Power dissipation in parallel circuit

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on power dissipation in a parallel circuit with two resistors, R1 and R2, connected to a constant DC voltage. Participants analyze the power dissipated using the equations P = I1²R1 + I2²R2 and I = I1 + I2, concluding that the current distribution minimizes power loss. The relationship I1R1 = I2R2 is established as a condition for minimum power dissipation, supported by the principles of energy dissipation minimization and Kirchhoff's laws. The conversation also touches on the implications of varying currents and resistances in the context of steady-state circuits.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Ohm's Law and its application in electrical circuits
  • Familiarity with Kirchhoff's Current and Voltage Laws
  • Basic knowledge of power dissipation in resistive circuits
  • Concept of energy dissipation minimization in steady-state processes
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the implications of Kirchhoff's Laws in complex circuits
  • Explore the Shakedown Theorem and its applications in electrical engineering
  • Learn about energy minimization principles in thermodynamic systems
  • Investigate the effects of varying voltage and resistance on current distribution in parallel circuits
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Electrical engineers, physics students, and anyone interested in circuit analysis and optimization techniques in electrical systems.

  • #31
K^2 said:
But yeah, it makes perfect sense. Let's say the circuit runs for some time τ. Some quantity of charge q has flown through it. The total energy dissipated is ∫Vdq = ∫Pdt. What would it mean for power to be unoptimized? It would mean that one of these elements dq would be able to find a path through your circuit with lower V. That would mean that different branches have different voltages. So the solution must certainly be a minimum in P in a steady state circuit.
I'm sorry, but I don't fully understand what you're saying here. It sounds (to me) like you're saying that unoptimised power means that there is more than one possible value for the power dissipated by a charge element going through the circuit. But I don't see why this is necessarily true?

And for clarity to anyone who was wondering, the optimisation of power which I wrote in my first post is done by keeping the resistances constant, and the total current constant. And varying the currents through each resistor, while keeping to the constraint that the currents 'add up' at a node.

I've been thinking about this for aaages, but I still can't think of the reason behind why this happens.
 
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  • #32
It is interesting to notice this method works only with resistors.
It does not work with a circuit containing diodes and resistors !
Such a method would lead to a minimized dissipated power but voltages are not the same between to voltage nodes (try it with a diode and a resistor in parallel!).
I am curious to find out why...

If somebody has an idea...
 

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