Power Factor Correction: Capacitor Bank

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the implications of power factor correction (PFC) using capacitor banks, particularly in scenarios where inductive loads, such as motors, are present. It is established that utilities may penalize for both lagging and leading power factors, with leading power factors potentially causing local system stability issues and increased wear on electrical components. The optimal power factor correction is around 0.85, and while utilities typically do not penalize for excessive capacitance directly, they may investigate issues arising from it. The conversation highlights the importance of understanding reactive power dynamics and the role of synchronous motors in managing power factor.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of power factor (PF) and its calculation (PF = cos φ)
  • Knowledge of reactive power and its components (KVAR, VAR)
  • Familiarity with capacitor banks and their role in power factor correction
  • Awareness of utility billing practices related to power factor
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the effects of leading vs. lagging power factors on electrical systems
  • Learn about synchronous motors and their application in power factor compensation
  • Investigate utility regulations regarding power factor penalties and incentives
  • Explore the design and functionality of VAR meters and their measurement techniques
USEFUL FOR

Electrical engineers, facility managers, and anyone involved in optimizing power factor for industrial or commercial electrical systems will benefit from this discussion.

  • #31
Hesch said:
It can be mechanically loaded at the same time. The generator at your utility is (negative) mechanically loaded while producing kVAr's.

Thanks! I found a great article describing the use of a synchronous motor in a process plant here in case it helps anyone else:

https://www.site.uottawa.ca/~rhabash/project-synversusinduction.pdf
 
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  • #32
Hesch said:
It can be mechanically loaded at the same time. The generator at your utility is (negative) mechanically loaded while producing kVAr's.

Out of curiosity, are there practical systems that have a natural leading power factor & hence cannot be corrected by a capacitor bank?
 
  • #33
rollingstein said:
Out of curiosity, are there practical systems that have a natural leading power factor & hence cannot be corrected by a capacitor bank?

Power transmission lines, especially underground power cables. We correct those with shunt reactors.
 

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