Hi Chandller,
Thanks, I appreciate that. Nice to see your enthusiasm and the Collingwood mention. I saw those too. There are many ways to approach mathematics. What is important is finding an approach that inspires you to further study and allows you to find success in progression.
Given this background information and your goals, here's my suggestion.
First, finish precalculus in pretty much any text you like (do all the hard problems and understand why you were wrong or right). I like Cohen's book. Second, buy these four books:
- Jenny Olive's "Maths: A Student's Survival Guide"
- Stroud and Booth's "Engineering Mathematics" and "Advanced Engineering Mathematics"
- Apostol's "Calculus, Vol. 1: One-Variable Calculus, with an Introduction to Linear Algebra"
Work through Stroud and Booth (S&B) for "a first look" and follow with Apostol for a rigorous foundation. Use Jenny Olive whenever and wherever you need a second viewpoint to catch you up with the material in S&B. S&B covers
all the mathematics you need to get straight A's in early STEM and gives you the basic understanding needed to excel when you approach texts like Apostol. Using S&B would save you a ton of time searching around and a ton of cash buying separate books. They are highly pedagogical.
The Apostol text is sooo clear in its rigor (look on amazon / ebay for a global/international edition). Munkres has some
notes to accompany Apostol. An alternative to Apostol would be Spivak. A video course alternative to Apostol for single variable calculus would be MIT's edX sequence (free if you don't need a certificate):
https://www.edx.org/xseries/mitx-18.01x-single-variable-calculus
The S&B texts are in prerelease for a new edition this month and next (I have them on order):
https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1352010275/?tag=pfamazon01-20
https://www.amazon.com/gp/product/1352010259/?tag=pfamazon01-20
If you want to start from the basics, my suggestion is to work through the AoPS
curriculum starting with Prealgebra, buying the solutions manual for each text. Feel free to do this alongside more advanced books such as my four suggested texts. If you instead opt to finish AoPS through Precalculus first, then you could reasonably move directly to Apostol or Spivak. Howers' list is
really nice, and you have my alternative suggestions here.