Prove that this equation has at least one real root

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The discussion centers around proving that the equation f'(x) + λf(x) = 0 has at least one real root between any two roots of f(x) = 0, where f is a continuous and differentiable function. Participants highlight the relevance of Rolle's Theorem and the Intermediate Value Theorem in establishing that f'(x) changes sign between consecutive roots of f(x), which implies that g(x) must also have a root in that interval. Various hints and approaches are suggested, including examining the function g(x) and considering the implications of the function's behavior at its roots. The conversation emphasizes the importance of understanding the relationship between the derivatives and the original function to solve the problem effectively. Ultimately, the consensus is that the proof hinges on the continuity and differentiability of f.
  • #31
I gave that hint about adjacent roots but I should have thought more about the question first, because it (the question as well as my hint) was a little misleading. Dick (as usual, I'm pleased to say) led us directly to the best way to look at it, a geometric argument.
 
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  • #32
verty said:
I gave that hint about adjacent roots but I should have thought more about the question first, because it (the question as well as my hint) was a little misleading. usual, I'm pleased to say) led us directly to the best way to look at it, a geometric argument.
Thanks for clearing that up, verty. (I still like my eλx method.)
 
  • #33
haruspex said:
Thanks for clearing that up, verty. (I still like my eλx method.)

I like it too. It's elegant and does use pure Rolle's theorem, not the MVT. But I like the MVT approach because I think it's easier to discover graphically, without the extra bit of cleverness. Tough call really.
 
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