To determine the value of PTC or resistance needed to reach 150°C at 220V AC and 24V DC, one must consider the heat dissipation rate and the thermal characteristics of the resistor. The heating effect is influenced by the resistor's ability to dissipate energy; if it loses heat quickly, it will not reach the desired temperature. The formula for calculating the required resistance involves Ohm's law and the power dissipation equation, factoring in the thermal resistance and ambient conditions. The specific application context, whether for a project or academic purposes, can also affect the design considerations. Ultimately, precise calculations must account for both electrical and thermal dynamics.