Pulse Drying of Evaporated Milk

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SUMMARY

The forum discussion centers on the design of a pulse dryer for producing infant formula from evaporated milk. The engineering student seeks guidance on designing a pulse combustion dryer to replace traditional spray drying methods, aiming to achieve a final product with 4% moisture content from a milk slurry containing 50% solids. The discussion highlights the importance of safety due to the explosive nature of milk powder dust and suggests using a cyclone to manage fine particles post-drying. Various resources, including links to relevant technologies and principles, were shared to assist in the design process.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of pulse combustion drying technology
  • Knowledge of process flow diagrams (PFD) in chemical engineering
  • Familiarity with milk powder production and its properties
  • Awareness of safety protocols related to explosive materials
NEXT STEPS
  • Research pulse dryer design methodologies and sizing techniques
  • Explore the principles of cyclone separators for particle management
  • Study the safety measures for handling explosive dust in food processing
  • Investigate the efficiency of heat exchange networks in drying processes
USEFUL FOR

This discussion is beneficial for engineering students, process engineers, and professionals involved in food technology, particularly those focused on innovative drying techniques and safety in powder production.

Andrew O Regan
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Hi Guys,

I'm new to the forum.

I'm an engineering student studying process and chemical engineering.

I am currently a member of a group that has been tasked with designing a plant to produce infant formula.

The goal is to manufacture a ready-to-feed infant formula product, so that the parent of the child would not have to perform a final sterilisation step, as is currently the norm.

The plan is to produce infant formula as usual, but store this in a sachet in the bottle cap. Once the cap is twisted, the sachet will rupture and the powder will fall into distilled water in the bottle. All the parent need do is shake the bottle to aid in reconstituting the powder.

The eventual plant does not necessarily have to be economically viable, as this is merely a design exercise.

We are required to be innovative for the sake of it, and to keep sustainability in mind.

In response to this we will be implementing water recycles, heat exchange networks, etc.

To stray away from the well established infant formula production process, we thought we might substitute a spray dryer with pulse combustion dryer.

The theory of this piece of equipment is readily available, however the method with which to perform a basic design of such equipment is proving difficult to obtain.

I wonder could anyone help provide some insight in how to go about this?

We have a basic pfd of the process with centrifugation, pasteurisation, evaporation, drying etc. etc.

For the moment we are keeping things simple and saying we initially have 1000kg of raw milk entering the plant.

The raw milk leaves the evaporator (the preceding unit op the pulse dryer) as a 'milk slurry' with 50% solids @ 45 degrees Celsius.

This corresponds to 130kg water and 130kg of solids (fat, proteins etc.)

This stream then enters the pulse dryer whereby we want to produce dried milk powder with 4% moisture.

Does anyone have any information or resources on how to design/size a pulse dryer to perform this operation?

Thank you for your help.
 
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Baluncore said:
Firstly, welcome to PF.

Are you aware that, as a dust in air, milk powder is an explosive material?

Now let's get the ball rolling;
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spray_drying
http://www.wavedry.com/
http://www.pulsedry.com/tech.php
http://userpages.umbc.edu/~dfrey1/ench445/apv_dryer.pdf
http://www.pulsedrying.com/principles.html
http://www.novoflow.com/novoflow-Pr%C3%A4sentation%20Puls%20Dryer%20EN.pdf

Hi Baluncore,

Thank you for your reply.

Yes, explosions concerns were raised. A proposed solution was to use a cyclone after the pulse dryer to grab any 'fines' and remove them from the process, or if we were to go back to a conventional spray dryer, supply them back into the unit op, where they could combine with, and stick to the bigger particles.

Thank you for the web links. I've only glanced at them prior to this reply, but they look to be very informative. I'll sit down and examine them today.
 
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