Question about moment of interia

  • Thread starter Thread starter hellbike
  • Start date Start date
  • Tags Tags
    Moment
AI Thread Summary
Objects with different radii can have the same speed due to the independence of speed from radius and mass, but their moment of inertia affects their rolling behavior. A hollow object, like a hoop, rolls slower than a solid cylinder because its moment of inertia is greater, despite both having the same mass. The rotational kinetic energy calculations show that the radius cancels out when considering pure rolling motion, leading to a simplified equation for both objects. By applying conservation of energy, it is determined that the velocity at the bottom of an incline for a hoop is derived from gravitational potential energy, resulting in a lower speed compared to a solid cylinder. Ultimately, a solid cylinder will always roll faster than a hoop of the same material.
hellbike
Messages
61
Reaction score
0
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zLy0IQT8ssk#t=10m50s

objects with different radius got same speed.
Lecturer says it's because this is independent from radius and mass.

But the hollow one is slower.
Lecturer say it's because of moment of interia.


But moment of interia is radius dependent.

So in example with different radiuses moment of interia is also different.
So why speed is the same?
 
Physics news on Phys.org
The rotational kinetic energy of a hoop is 0.5*(mass of the hoop * radius of the hoop^2)*(velocity / radius of the hoop)^2.

After squaring the (velocity / radius) you see the radius^2 is in both the numerator and denominator, so it's gone. So, we know that the rotational kinetic energy of a hoop with pure roll is 0.5*(mass of the hoop)*(velocity)^2

A similar method arises in the case of a solid cylinder of uniform mass density, where the moment of inertia is instead (0.5 * mass of the cylinder * radius of the cylinder^2), so the calculations yield 0.25*(mass of the cylinder)*(velocity)^2.

Using conservation of energy principles, we set the translational kinetic energy of the center of mass + the rotational kinetic energy of the object = the gravitational potential energy at the top of the inclined plane.

So the mass cancels out of the potential, the translational and rotational kinetic energies of both objects. This leaves us with the velocity of the hoop at the bottom of the plane as the square root of g*h, where h is the length of the plane *the angle at which it is inclined. Similarly, we find the velocity of the cylinder to be the square root of (4/3)*g*h

So, if the two objects are of the same material, we can draw the conclusion that a solid cylinder will roll faster than a hoop of any size
 
I multiplied the values first without the error limit. Got 19.38. rounded it off to 2 significant figures since the given data has 2 significant figures. So = 19. For error I used the above formula. It comes out about 1.48. Now my question is. Should I write the answer as 19±1.5 (rounding 1.48 to 2 significant figures) OR should I write it as 19±1. So in short, should the error have same number of significant figures as the mean value or should it have the same number of decimal places as...
Thread 'Calculation of Tensile Forces in Piston-Type Water-Lifting Devices at Elevated Locations'
Figure 1 Overall Structure Diagram Figure 2: Top view of the piston when it is cylindrical A circular opening is created at a height of 5 meters above the water surface. Inside this opening is a sleeve-type piston with a cross-sectional area of 1 square meter. The piston is pulled to the right at a constant speed. The pulling force is(Figure 2): F = ρshg = 1000 × 1 × 5 × 10 = 50,000 N. Figure 3: Modifying the structure to incorporate a fixed internal piston When I modify the piston...
Thread 'A cylinder connected to a hanging mass'
Let's declare that for the cylinder, mass = M = 10 kg Radius = R = 4 m For the wall and the floor, Friction coeff = ##\mu## = 0.5 For the hanging mass, mass = m = 11 kg First, we divide the force according to their respective plane (x and y thing, correct me if I'm wrong) and according to which, cylinder or the hanging mass, they're working on. Force on the hanging mass $$mg - T = ma$$ Force(Cylinder) on y $$N_f + f_w - Mg = 0$$ Force(Cylinder) on x $$T + f_f - N_w = Ma$$ There's also...
Back
Top