The discussion centers on determining the percentage of rational square roots for integers n within specified ranges, specifically 1 ≤ n ≤ 2000 and 1 ≤ n ≤ 10,000. Participants emphasize the need to identify the number of perfect squares in these ranges to calculate the percentage accurately. It is clarified that an integer without an integer square root cannot have a rational square root. The conversation also touches on the importance of defining a measure on the set of integers to derive meaningful ratios. Ultimately, the conclusion reached is that there are 44 perfect squares from 1 to 2000, leading to a percentage calculation of rational square roots.