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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the design and functionality of a two-stage magnetic amplifier used for controlling the magnetic field of a large electromagnet, achieving a gain of nearly 1000. The amplifier operates with a DC input from a spinning gauss meter coil and outputs a voltage to control a three-phase AC power supply. Key components include saturable reactors and magnetic amplifiers, which are distinguished by their operational characteristics: saturable reactors function as constant current devices, while magnetic amplifiers serve as constant voltage devices. The conversation references historical applications, including their use in WWII naval guns, and suggests resources for further exploration, such as the book "Reference Data for Radio Engineers."

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  • Understanding of magnetic amplifier circuits
  • Familiarity with saturable reactors and their applications
  • Knowledge of DC gain and feedback mechanisms
  • Basic electronics skills, including the use of oscilloscopes
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  • Research the design principles of magnetic amplifiers and their historical applications
  • Study the book "Reference Data for Radio Engineers" for in-depth technical knowledge
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  • Investigate modern applications of magnetic amplifiers in switching power supplies
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Electrical engineers, hobbyists interested in vintage electronics, and anyone looking to understand or replicate magnetic amplifier circuits.

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I had the pleasure of using and seeing the schematic of a two stage magnetic amplifier that was used to control the magnetic field of a large electromagnet, during my graduate work in superconductivity at the University of New Orleans. It had a large DC gain and with a resistor for feedback produced a gain of near 1000. The DC input, I presume was from a spinning gauss meter coil in the magnetic field, some few millivolts and the output of the amplifier was some volts, used to control the magnet (3 phase AC input)power supply.
As I remember the AC power source for the magnetic amplifier was a few volts at an audio frequency and there were two sets of reactors (maybe two toroids). The output from the first set was fed as input to the second set to produce the large power gain. The intermediate connection did not to my knowledge involve any nonlinear parts such as transistors or diodes and the output was a voltage source proportional to the input voltage similar to a DC op-amp circuit. Unfortunately I did not copy the page and it is likely lost from the University of New Orleans Physics Department. I am trying to figure out how this worked and possibly recreate a crude replica. The final output of my (school's) amplifier was DC. The device was a commercial bought circuit about the size of a book.

Supposedly the Germans used amplifiers of this type on their naval guns during WWII.

Memory is a drawing of what I remember of the schematic that I saw in college. DCAmp1a is almost at the level I am building at home. Navserva is part of a navy device which is three stages and more sophisticated than I can understand or reproduce. My school's device had a minimum of non-magnetic parts, and, I believe no diodes.
If you can find anything on this or even advise on experiments please help.
 

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About 40 years ago went through tests and finding information on saturable reactors and magnetic amplifiers. Would hesitate to use either one now. This is what I remember.

Saturable reactors do not use rectifiers.
Magnetic amplifiers use rectifiers.
Saturable reactors are constant current devices. My interpretation.
Magnetic amplifiers are constant voltages devices. My interpretation.

Signal transformer brand transformers make good saturable reactors or magnetic amplifiers. Most other brand transformers use different core steel and do not make good saturable reactors or magnetic amplifiers.

The book Reference Data for Radio Engineers, fifth edition by ITT has a section on magnetic amplifiers. It's a great book and I recommend that every engineer should have one.

Following are some articles on magnetic amplifiers. The articles are ancient and may not be available.

Mag Amps, PCIM July 1998.

Magnetic Amplifier Control for Simple Low-Cost, Secondary Regulation, Unitrode Corporation.

Magnetic Modulators, by Sidney L. Silver, Electronics World, June 1964

Magnetic-Amplifier Design, Communications and Electronics, May 1958 issue

Design of High Frequency Saturable Reactor Output Regulators, by Charles Mullett, P.E., Mullett Associates, Inc., High Frequency Power Conversion, session 9, 1986 tutorial.
 
Magamps are coming back as feedback elements in switching power supplies.

They were the reliable alternate to vacuum tubes for important equipment until theintegrated circuit op-amp came along

http://www.themeasuringsystemofthegods.com/magnetic%20amplifiers.pdf
was linked on tnhis forum a year or two ago..

Search on magnetic amplifier combined with

Naval
Voltage Regulator
Westinghouse Magastat

and see what turns upMagnetics Inc makes cores..

old jim
 
Last edited by a moderator:
A fun link, that SparkBangBuzz..

He observed that the addition of rectifiers makes it self-saturating, which is the key to good gain.

Also one wants a good core, like strip wound or toroid of hi mu metal.
Those little c-core power transformers shouldn't have worked very well
but are a great demonstration of principle.
 
I want to know exactly how to demonstrate the improvement obtained with rectifiers. I have two hi mu toroids but must wind the wire by hand. I would like to use 6 or 12 VAC 60 Hz. I have a scope and lots of parts.
 

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