Series of superimposed regular polygons

In summary, the conversation discusses the formation of a sequence of concentric regular polygons with equal area and maximal symmetry, starting with an equilateral triangle and approaching a circle. The formula for the radius of each n-gon is given, and the formula for the fraction of the area not occupied by any successive polygons is derived using trigonometry. The conversation also explores the effect of rotation and the possibility of deriving a unique series or fundamental constant from the problem.
  • #1
Loren Booda
3,125
4
Superimpose concentric regular polygons of equal area with maximal symmetry, starting with the equilateral triangle and sequentually approaching the circumference of a circle. What series can you derive for the fraction of the area not occupied by any successive polygons?
 
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  • #2
Okay:
Now, clearly we can form a radius sequence for each n-gon, where the radius for each n-gon [itex]R_{n}[/itex] is given by the formula:
[tex]R_{n}=\sqrt{\frac{2A}{n\sin(\frac{2\pi}{n})}}[/tex]
This value is probably needed to solve your problem in some manner.
 
  • #3
Assuming you mean a sequence of polygon inscribed in a circle of radius R, each n-gon can be interpreted as n isosceles triangle with congruent sides of length R and angle between them of [itex]2\pi/n[/itex] which can then be divided into two right angles with angle [itex]\pi/n[/itex]. The base of each such triangle is [itex]2R sin(\pi/n)[/itex] and the height is [itex]R cos(\pi/n)[/itex] so the area of each triangle is [itex]R^2 sin(\pi/n) cos(\pi/n)[/itex] and the area of the entire n-gon is [itex]nR^2 sin(\pi/n) cos(\pi/n)[/itex].

Since you are asking about the area inside the circle NOT in the polygon, that would be [itex]\pi R^2- nR^2 sin(\pi/n) cos(\pi/n)[/itex] and the fraction of the area of the circle not occupied by the n-gon would be
[tex]\frac{\pi- n sin(\pi/n) cos(\pi/n)}{\pi}= 1-\frac{n}{\pi} sin(\pi/n)cos(\pi/n)[tex].
It's easy to see that the last term of that goes to 1 in the limit and the "fraction of the area of the circlee not occupied by the n-gon", of course, goes to 0.

I'm not sure what you mean by "fraction of the area not occupied by successive polygons".
 
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  • #4
I also thought that was Loren's question, HallsofIvy!
However, he explicitly states that we are talking of polygons having the SAME area, that is their vertices lie on different circles!
Note therefore that the sequence of radii is decreasing, if I'm not mistaken.
Thus, there will be area bits left that is not covered by subsequent polygons.
 
  • #5
Sorry, by "a circle" I meant that a sequence of regular polygons of equal area and n sides, as n approaches infinity, approaches a circle of equal area.

arildno's formula, in an infinite series, might be used to determine my sequence - the fractional areas of regular polygons that are not included within successively sided, concentric, and bilaterally symmetric regular polygons of equal area.

I believe his second post captures the gist of what I am proposing.

HallsofIvy, would you repost your last formula?
 
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  • #6
arildno said:
I also thought that was Loren's question, HallsofIvy!
However, he explicitly states that we are talking of polygons having the SAME area, that is their vertices lie on different circles!
Note therefore that the sequence of radii is decreasing, if I'm not mistaken.
Thus, there will be area bits left that is not covered by subsequent polygons.
If a coaxial N+1 sided polygon is rotated with respect to the previous N sided regular polygon of the same area, would the amount of the N sided polygon that is not covered be changed?
 
  • #7
Adding some, subtracting some..seems to become zero change..:blush:
 
  • #8
arildno said:
Adding some, subtracting some..seems to become zero change..:blush:
I don't think it is simple, for instance what if they were both pentagons instead of polygons with a different number of sides?
 
  • #9
I believe rotation would affect the areas in question - that's why I asked for maximal symmetry - e. g., all polygons each resting on a side.
 
  • #10
It was supposed to be
[tex]\frac{\pi- n sin(\pi/n) cos(\pi/n)}{\pi}= 1-\frac{n}{\pi} sin(\pi/n)cos(\pi/n)[/tex].
 
  • #11
Loren Booda said:
I believe rotation would affect the areas in question - that's why I asked for maximal symmetry - e. g., all polygons each resting on a side.
You also said concentric polygons, so I take your posts to specify that each polygon has the same center axis and that a perpendicular bisector of the bottom side the n+1 polygon coincides with a perpendicular bisector of the bottom side of the previous n sided polygon, though the distance to the bottom side is shorter with each subsequent polygon.
Still I have difficulty comming up with a plot of the respective polygons in polar coordinates. Is it sufficient for your purpose to just add up the area of the N-sided polygons that lie outside the radius of a circle of the same area?
 
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  • #12
I was trying to discern whether a unique series or fundamental constant could be derived from the problem at hand. It seems now that it is merely an exercize in excruciating geometry.:redface:

Some derivation of HallsofIvy's formula would probably do the trick, though. Thanks all for your patience.
 

What is a series of superimposed regular polygons?

A series of superimposed regular polygons is a set of polygons that are stacked on top of each other in a way that each subsequent polygon shares a common side with the previous one. These polygons are all regular, meaning that all their sides and angles are equal.

What is the purpose of creating a series of superimposed regular polygons?

The purpose of creating a series of superimposed regular polygons is to demonstrate the concept of tessellation, which is the process of filling a plane with repeating shapes without any gaps or overlaps. This concept is important in mathematics, art, and science.

What are some real-life examples of series of superimposed regular polygons?

Some real-life examples of series of superimposed regular polygons include tiled floors and walls, honeycomb structures in beehives, and geometric patterns in Islamic art and architecture.

What is the relationship between the number of sides in each polygon and the overall shape of the series?

The relationship between the number of sides in each polygon and the overall shape of the series is that as the number of sides increases, the series will appear more circular and smooth. This is because the polygons are able to fit together more closely without any gaps or overlaps.

How is the concept of series of superimposed regular polygons related to other mathematical concepts?

The concept of series of superimposed regular polygons is closely related to other mathematical concepts such as symmetry, geometry, and patterns. It also has applications in fields such as architecture, engineering, and computer graphics.

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