Space-Time Fabric: Understanding 3D & Time Together

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the conceptual understanding of the space-time fabric, particularly how it is represented in visualizations and the implications of dimensionality. Participants explore the relationship between 3D space and the fourth dimension of time, questioning the adequacy of 2D representations in conveying these concepts.

Discussion Character

  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants express confusion about how the space-time fabric works, particularly in relation to visualizations that depict the sun creating ripples in a 2D plane.
  • One participant argues that the analogy of the space-time fabric is poor and not useful for understanding the complexities of gravity and space-time.
  • Another participant clarifies that the fabric does not represent true space-time but rather a simplified view of spatial curvature, emphasizing that mass attraction cannot be fully explained without considering time.
  • There is a suggestion that to understand the curvature visualizations, one must imagine living in a universe with fewer dimensions, as the illustrations are limited to 2D representations.
  • One participant questions the implications of having additional dimensions above the sun in the diagrams, suggesting that such dimensions would not exist in our universe.
  • Another participant proposes that the best way to visualize space-time is to suppress two spatial dimensions and view it as 2-dimensional.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree that the 2D representations of space-time are limited and do not fully capture the complexities of the concept. However, there is disagreement on the effectiveness of these analogies and how best to visualize the relationship between dimensions.

Contextual Notes

The discussion highlights limitations in the visualizations used to represent space-time, including the dependence on dimensionality and the challenges in conveying the interaction between space and time.

gsingh2011
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I don't understand how the space-time fabric works. I've seen videos where the sun is in the space-time fabric and it makes a ripple in it and the Earth revolves around this. This works fine if our universe was 2D, but what if there was something above the sun in that diagram? Basically, I'm confused on how you put 3D space along with a fourth dimension time in a 2D plane...
 
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You are right, it is a really poor analogy and quite useless.
 
gsingh2011 said:
I don't understand how the space-time fabric works. I've seen videos where the sun is in the space-time fabric and it makes a ripple in it and the Earth revolves around this.
This is a common misconception. In this analogy the fabric doesn't represent space-time, just reduced space (2D dimensions of it). It shows just the spatial curvature which has some effects on its own, but the main effect of gravitation (mass attraction), cannot be explained without the time dimension. Here are links to better visualizations:
http://www.relativitet.se/spacetime1.html
http://www.physics.ucla.edu/demoweb..._and_general_relativity/curved_spacetime.html
http://www.adamtoons.de/physics/gravitation.swf

gsingh2011 said:
This works fine if our universe was 2D,
Yes you have to imagine we live in an universe with less dimensions to understand this curvature visualizations by embedding. The illustrations are 3D, so a curved diagram in it can be 2D at max. The space-time diagrams linked above are not different that that aspect. They just use 1 space & 1 time dimension instead of 2 space dimensions.

gsingh2011 said:
but what if there was something above the sun in that diagram?
If there was something above the sun in that diagram, it would not be in our universe. The 3D dimensions of these illustrations are a virtual embedding space without physical meaning. It is needed to visualize curvature of the diagram.

This sun and Earth are actually not spheres above the fabric, but circles within the fabric in a space-space diagram, even if they are often shown as spheres.

gsingh2011 said:
Basically, I'm confused on how you put 3D space along with a fourth dimension time in a 2D plane...
Well you don't. You can only visualize 2 of the 4 space-time dimensions in a 2D diagram.
 
Last edited:
gsingh2011 said:
I don't understand how the space-time fabric works. I've seen videos where the sun is in the space-time fabric and it makes a ripple in it and the Earth revolves around this. This works fine if our universe was 2D, but what if there was something above the sun in that diagram? Basically, I'm confused on how you put 3D space along with a fourth dimension time in a 2D plane...
The best way, I suppose, is to suppress two spatial dimensions and view space-time as 2-dimensional.
 

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