# Spaces of Constant Curvature and the Ricci Tensor

1. Nov 3, 2012

### Airsteve0

Hi all, I was just interested in verification of a concept. If we are given the full Riemann tensor in the form which implies constant curvature (i.e. lambda multiplying metric components) does this imply that the Ricci tensor vanishes? The question stems from why the vacuum equations cannot be constructed in dimensions less than 4. Thanks for any clarification!

2. Nov 4, 2012

### bcrowell

Staff Emeritus
This doesn't sound right to me. Could you write out the equation you have in mind? You seem to be confusing the existence of a cosmological constant term with constant curvature. Do you mean Riemann tensor, or Ricci tensor? If you really mean the Riemann tensor, then there are 4 indices, which can't be equated to the 2 indices of the metric.

Are you specifically interested in the Riemannian case, or semi-Riemannian as well? E.g., are you talking about applications such as cosmology, where the curvature of the spacetime is clearly not constant, but the spatial geometry of a hypersurface of constant t is a constant-curvature space?

3. Nov 4, 2012

### TrickyDicky

Solutions with constant curvature are vacuum solutions of the EFE, either with, or without cosmology constant(like the static ones such as Schwarzschild's), since you seem to be talking about those with lambda i.e you said"( lambda multiplying metric components)", then obviously the Ricci tensor doesn't vanish:it is lambda times the metric.

4. Nov 4, 2012

### TrickyDicky

It is not so much that they can be constructed but the vanishing of the Ricci tensor in less than 4-dim is trivial in the sense that the Riemann tensor reduces to the Ricci tensor (or to the Ricci scalar in two dim.) and making the Riemann tensor zero gets you a flat solution, wich is not GR anymore.

5. Nov 4, 2012

### bcrowell

Staff Emeritus
This is incorrect. For example, Einstein's static cosmology (i.e., dust plus a fine-tuned cosmological constant) has constant curvature but is not a vacuum solution.

6. Nov 5, 2012

### TrickyDicky

Indeed, I should have said that constant curvature solutions have Ricci tensor of the form:metric times a constant k, and that vacuum solutions also have this form, with k=0 for the ones without cosmological constant, and k=lambda for the ones with.
So my phrasing was backwards.

7. Nov 5, 2012

### andrien

In dimension<4,einstein eqn. are trivial(without cosmological constant).