Spark with connecting power supply to board

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the phenomenon of sparking when connecting a DC power supply to a circuit board. Participants explore the potential causes of the spark, including the role of capacitors and inductance in the circuit, as well as various methods to mitigate the issue. The scope includes technical explanations and proposed solutions related to electrical engineering concepts.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation, Debate/contested, Experimental/applied

Main Points Raised

  • One participant suggests that the spark may be due to the charging of bulk storage capacitors when connecting the power supply.
  • Another participant agrees that capacitors require high current and introduces the idea that inductance in the circuit can cause voltage spikes during intermittent connections.
  • A follow-up question is raised about reducing inductance, proposing that adding a capacitor at the input might help.
  • One participant argues that distributed inductance makes it difficult to cancel out with a single capacitor and suggests using a snubber circuit to address the sparking issue.
  • Another approach is proposed involving a current limiting resistor to charge the bulk capacitor more slowly, with the option to short it out later using a switch.
  • A thermistor with a negative temperature coefficient is mentioned as a potential solution for limiting inrush current.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express various hypotheses regarding the cause of the spark and propose different solutions, indicating that multiple competing views remain. There is no consensus on a single cause or solution to the problem.

Contextual Notes

The discussion lacks specific details about the circuit board in question, which may affect the applicability of the proposed solutions. Additionally, the effectiveness of the suggested methods remains untested within the conversation.

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When I connect a DC power supply to a board, why do I get a spark.
I connect the ground terminal first and then the Vcc terminal(24V). When I connect Vcc with an alligator clip, I get a spark.
Is it because of charging of the bulk storage capacitor?
 
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quite possibly

what is the board ? got a pic or a circuit diagram of it ?

with the lack of info supplied, its kinda difficult to give a better answer :smile:Dave
 
Yes, the capacitors require the high current, but the high voltage spark occurs due to the inductance of the circuit when disconnected from the board once a current has begun to flow.

As you make the connection, there are short periods where the connection is intermittent. Once a current is flowing through the inductance of the circuit, (power supply, both jumper leads and the PCB), any break will cause a voltage spike to maintain the current. V = L * di/dt.
 
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Baluncore said:
Yes, the capacitors require the high current, but the high voltage spark occurs due to the inductance of the circuit when disconnected from the board once a current has begun to flow.

As you make the connection, there are short periods where the connection is intermittent. Once a current is flowing through the inductance of the circuit, (power supply, both jumper leads and the PCB), any break will cause a voltage spike to maintain the current. V = L * di/dt.

As a follow up, how do you reduce the inductance.
Putting a Cap at the input of the circuit should take care of it. right?
 
Because the inductance is distributed about the circuit it is hard to cancel it with one capacitor.
More capacitance just makes more current to spike a higher voltage during intermittent connection.

I would first approach the problem by trying a simple snubber across the power supply output.
To make a snubber, experiment with a resistor of from 47 to 150 ohm in series with a 0.1uF capacitor.

If that does not fix the spark problem, place a snubber across the PCB also.
Beyond that, as davenn pointed out in #2, we need more information to resolve the situation.
 
Another approach is to connect through a current limiting resistor that charges the bulk capacitor more slowly, then short out that resistor, perhaps using a spdt switch..

Some folks use a thermistor with negative temperature coefficient. It starts out high resistance and decreases as it's warmed by the current. That gizmo is called "inrush current limiter" and works well provided your load current is enough to keep it warm.

http://www.mouser.com/ProductDetail/Murata/NTPAD3R9LDNB0/?qs=0lWr15Oi7quAnacRxjwZKQ%3D%3D&gclid=CjgKEAjwoJ-dBRDbjfKN7IzN0FsSJAAP0G_D8adSQg4-rU5OudwaHYRdD6JydxdgfBcLKQd8M3PtP_D_BwE
nthpp04.jpg
 
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