Static friction needed for rolling without slipping

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the dynamics of a wheel rolling without slipping down an inclined plane, emphasizing the role of static friction. It is established that static friction is the only force providing torque necessary for rotation, while the component of weight parallel to the incline influences linear motion. If static friction is inadequate, the wheel will experience slipping, leading to a mismatch between rotational and linear acceleration. The relationship between acceleration of rotation and linear motion is defined by the equation: acceleration of rotation multiplied by the radius equals acceleration of linear motion.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's laws of motion
  • Familiarity with concepts of torque and rotational dynamics
  • Knowledge of static and kinetic friction
  • Basic principles of inclined plane mechanics
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the principles of static friction in detail
  • Learn about torque calculations in rotational motion
  • Explore the effects of kinetic friction on motion
  • Investigate the dynamics of rolling motion on inclined planes
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Physics students, mechanical engineers, and anyone interested in the mechanics of rolling motion and friction dynamics.

adjurovich
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If we had a wheel rolling without slipping down the inclined plane, kinematically its velocity would be 0 at the contact point to the ground since the rotational and translational components of velocity would cancel out.

Speaking of forces, forces acting on body would be static friction and the component of weight parallel to the inclined plane. The only force that will exert torque will be static friction since it’s tangential. Now, speaking theoretically, should the adequate static friction for such motion be the static friction that is able to “reduce” component of weight force and cause rotation, but so that acceleration of rotation = acceleration of linear motion?

I tend to conclude that if force of friction wasn’t strong enough, it would decrease net linear force, but also exert torque that can’t provide enough tangential acceleration so tangential acceleration would be smaller than linear and slipping would occur.

Are my statements wrong?
 
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adjurovich said:
acceleration of rotation = acceleration of linear motion
acceleration of rotation * radius = acceleration of linear motion

adjurovich said:
if force of friction wasn’t strong enough ... slipping would occur.
Yes. For example, in the limit without friction it would just slide down without rotating.
 
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A.T. said:
Yes. For example, in the limit without friction it would just slide down without rotating.
Just to make things clear, did you mean when there is no static friction? Obviously there would be no net torque and body would just slide down without rotating.
 
adjurovich said:
Just to make things clear, did you mean when there is no static friction? Obviously there would be no net torque and body would just slide down without rotating.
Yes. And if static friction is insufficient it will slide and rotate due to kinetic friction, but to slow to match the linear motion.
 
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A.T. said:
Yes. And if static friction is insufficient it will slide and rotate due to kinetic friction, but to slow to match the linear motion.
Thanks for help!
 

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