Static friction needed for rolling without slipping

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the conditions necessary for a wheel to roll without slipping down an inclined plane, focusing on the roles of static friction and the relationship between rotational and translational motion. Participants explore the implications of static friction on torque and acceleration in this context.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Technical explanation, Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant states that for a wheel rolling without slipping, the velocity at the contact point with the ground is zero due to the cancellation of rotational and translational velocities.
  • Another participant emphasizes that static friction is the only force that exerts torque in this scenario, suggesting that adequate static friction is necessary to ensure that the acceleration of rotation matches the acceleration of linear motion.
  • Concerns are raised about the consequences of insufficient static friction, with participants noting that if static friction is not strong enough, slipping will occur, leading to a situation where the wheel slides down the incline without rotating.
  • There is clarification on the role of static versus kinetic friction, with participants agreeing that if static friction is insufficient, the wheel will rotate due to kinetic friction but will not match the linear motion speed.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree on the necessity of static friction for rolling without slipping and the consequences of insufficient friction, although the discussion includes clarifications and confirmations of each other's statements.

Contextual Notes

Some assumptions regarding the definitions of static and kinetic friction and their effects on motion are present but not fully explored. The discussion does not resolve the precise conditions under which slipping begins.

adjurovich
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If we had a wheel rolling without slipping down the inclined plane, kinematically its velocity would be 0 at the contact point to the ground since the rotational and translational components of velocity would cancel out.

Speaking of forces, forces acting on body would be static friction and the component of weight parallel to the inclined plane. The only force that will exert torque will be static friction since it’s tangential. Now, speaking theoretically, should the adequate static friction for such motion be the static friction that is able to “reduce” component of weight force and cause rotation, but so that acceleration of rotation = acceleration of linear motion?

I tend to conclude that if force of friction wasn’t strong enough, it would decrease net linear force, but also exert torque that can’t provide enough tangential acceleration so tangential acceleration would be smaller than linear and slipping would occur.

Are my statements wrong?
 
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adjurovich said:
acceleration of rotation = acceleration of linear motion
acceleration of rotation * radius = acceleration of linear motion

adjurovich said:
if force of friction wasn’t strong enough ... slipping would occur.
Yes. For example, in the limit without friction it would just slide down without rotating.
 
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A.T. said:
Yes. For example, in the limit without friction it would just slide down without rotating.
Just to make things clear, did you mean when there is no static friction? Obviously there would be no net torque and body would just slide down without rotating.
 
adjurovich said:
Just to make things clear, did you mean when there is no static friction? Obviously there would be no net torque and body would just slide down without rotating.
Yes. And if static friction is insufficient it will slide and rotate due to kinetic friction, but to slow to match the linear motion.
 
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A.T. said:
Yes. And if static friction is insufficient it will slide and rotate due to kinetic friction, but to slow to match the linear motion.
Thanks for help!
 

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