To solve the equation of the form S = at² + bt + c, start by substituting the given t and S values into the equation for three different t values, such as t = 0, 1, and 2. From t = 0, it can be concluded that c must equal 0, simplifying the other equations to a + b = 10 and 4a + 2b = 30. This means you can now solve for a and b using these two simplified equations. The discussion emphasizes the importance of correctly identifying c before proceeding with the remaining calculations. Understanding these steps is crucial for successfully solving the equation.