Strong force, quarks, hadrons.

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the nature of the strong force, its behavior at different distances, and its interactions with quarks and hadrons. Participants explore the distinctions between the color force acting on quarks and the strong force acting on hadrons, as well as the implications of these interactions for the classification of fundamental forces in nature.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Conceptual clarification
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant notes that the strong force increases with distance when attempting to separate quarks, questioning whether it acts only between hadrons.
  • Another participant clarifies that the interaction between quarks is referred to as the 'color force,' which acts due to the virtual exchange of gluons and becomes stronger with increasing distance.
  • The same participant distinguishes the strong force (or nuclear force) acting between hadrons, which results from the virtual exchange of other hadrons, with its range determined by the mass of the pion.
  • Some participants suggest that this leads to the conclusion that there are five fundamental forces in nature, including the color force.
  • One participant compares the strong force between nucleons to the Van Der Waals force between atoms, indicating both arise from different underlying forces.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the classification of forces and the nature of the strong force, indicating that multiple competing views remain without a consensus on the implications of these interactions.

Contextual Notes

There are unresolved questions regarding the definitions of the forces discussed and the implications of their interactions at different distances. The relationship between the color force and the strong force remains a point of contention.

PeterPumpkin
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I'm reading The Lightness of Being by Frank Wilczek.

The strong force falls off rapidly with distance. And yet when we attempt to separate two quarks the force increases enormously.

I assumed the strong force acted between hadrons (= groups of quarks) and between quarks but this assumption seems inconsistent with the change of force with distance.

EG Does this mean that the strong force acts only between hadrons ie groups of quarks?
 
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There's two separate issues here, the interaction between quarks and the interaction between hadrons. The interaction between quarks is called the 'color force' and only acts between particles that have color, namely quarks and gluons. It results from virtual exchange of gluons. This is the force that gets stronger with increasing distance.

The interaction between hadrons is called the strong force or nuclear force. It results from virtual exchange of other hadrons. Its range is dictated by the mass of the lightest hadron, the pion, at 135 MeV, equivalent to about 1.4 fermis.
 
Thanks. That would seem to imply there really are 5 fundamental forces in nature: Gravity, em, weak, strong force and the "colour force".
 
PeterPumpkin said:
Thanks. That would seem to imply there really are 5 fundamental forces in nature: Gravity, em, weak, strong force and the "colour force".

The strong force that acts between nucleons (or hadrons) is similar to the Van Der Waals force between atoms in molecules. Both are a result of an actual force and are not real forces in themselves. (Electromagnetic force for VDW, color for strong force.)
 

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