Synchronous Machine Transent parameters from sudden 3phase Short Circuit

[tim9000]

Hi, So we're doing this Lab on Transient reactance of a synch generator and I'm reading Sarma's classic: Electric Machines Steady-state theory and Dynamic performance p. 474-479

But I can't see how to get the actual exponential time constants for the sub-transient and transient reactances?
Thanks

 

[tim9000]

Does the constant 0.368 have any significance? It's almost like he's saying to progress 36.8% from the initial transient peak, then that time is the time constant for the transient?
Also how do you plot the envolope around a waveform?

Lastly, how to you work out the asymmetrical DC component? Fourier or something?

 

[anorlunda]

http://www.nerc.com/comm/PC/System%20Analysis%20and%20Modeling%20Subcommittee%20SAMS%20DL/Stability%20and%20Modeling%20Workshops/03_Gen_Testing_Related_Topics.pdf

That link shows an overview. There is an IEEE standard for how to perform those tests. I looked for a link to the standard, but failed to find it.

Search for power plant model validation.

 

[Babadag]

There are some standards in order to calculate the short-circuit currents.
The most importants ,I think, are IEEE 551/2006 –this is the last edition I know- and IEC 60909.
In IEEE 551/2006 Calculating Short-Circuit Currents in Industrial and Commercial Power Stations the synchronous machine reactance is treated in CH.5 and the short circuit current
at the terminals of this machine [formula 5.1]:
Isc=(E/X”dv-E/X’dv)e^(-t/T”do)+ (E/X’dv-E/Xdv)e^(-t/T’do)+E/xd
Where :
X’’dv=Direct-axis saturated subtransient reactance
X’dv= Direct-axis saturated transient reactance
Xd =synchronous reactance
T’’do=subtransient time constant
T’do= transient time constant
In IEC 60909-2 ch. 2.3 there are Data on typical synchronous machines [Table 2]

 

[tim9000]

There are some standards in order to calculate the short-circuit currents.
The most importants ,I think, are IEEE 551/2006 –this is the last edition I know- and IEC 60909.
In IEEE 551/2006 Calculating Short-Circuit Currents in Industrial and Commercial Power Stations the synchronous machine reactance is treated in CH.5 and the short circuit current
at the terminals of this machine [formula 5.1]:
Isc=(E/X”dv-E/X’dv)e^(-t/T”do)+ (E/X’dv-E/Xdv)e^(-t/T’do)+E/xd
Where :
X’’dv=Direct-axis saturated subtransient reactance
X’dv= Direct-axis saturated transient reactance
Xd =synchronous reactance
T’’do=subtransient time constant
T’do= transient time constant
In IEC 60909-2 ch. 2.3 there are Data on typical synchronous machines [Table 2]

Hi, thanks.
Right, but how do I work out the Direct-axis saturated subtransient reactance, Direct-axis saturated transient reactance, synchronous reactance or the sub or transient, timeconstants?

Thanks

 

[Babadag]

Usually there are manufacturer data. Never-the-less in some standards are approximate formulae as for instance:
From IEC 61363-1 ch.6.2.6 Time constants
“If the a.c. and d.c. time constants are unavailable, they can be calculated from the machine
open-circuit time constants and impedance as follows:
Subtransient time constant (usually of the order of 1 ms to 30 ms):

1. T"d = (X"d / X'd) T"do (32)
   
2. Transient time constant (usually of the order of 20 ms to 1200 ms):
   T'd = (X'd / Xd) T'do (33)
   c) d.c. time constant (usually of the order of 15 ms to 300 ms):
   Tdc = X"d /(2.pi.fr.Ra)
   

 

[tim9000]

Usually there are manufacturer data. Never-the-less in some standards are approximate formulae as for instance:
From IEC 61363-1 ch.6.2.6 Time constants
“If the a.c. and d.c. time constants are unavailable, they can be calculated from the machine
open-circuit time constants and impedance as follows:
Subtransient time constant (usually of the order of 1 ms to 30 ms):

1. T"d = (X"d / X'd) T"do (32)
   
2. Transient time constant (usually of the order of 20 ms to 1200 ms):
   T'd = (X'd / Xd) T'do (33)
   c) d.c. time constant (usually of the order of 15 ms to 300 ms):
   Tdc = X"d /(2.pi.fr.Ra)

Hmm, because I took the current waveform for the field and phases on the CRO using a solid state switch on the zero crossing. So I have the transient oscillations of the current, but no manufacturer data.