The Rankine cycle is a thermodynamic cycle used to convert heat energy into mechanical work. It is commonly used in power plants to generate electricity.
The four stages of the Rankine cycle are: 1) Isentropic compression, where the working fluid is compressed to a high pressure; 2) Constant pressure heat addition, where heat is added to the working fluid at a constant pressure; 3) Isentropic expansion, where the working fluid expands and does work on the turbine; and 4) Constant pressure heat rejection, where the working fluid is cooled and condensed back to its liquid state.
The working fluid used in the Rankine cycle is typically water, but other fluids such as ammonia or carbon dioxide can also be used.
The efficiency of the Rankine cycle depends on the temperature difference between the heat source and heat sink, as well as the type of working fluid used. Typical efficiencies range from 30% to 40%.
The Rankine cycle is commonly used in power plants to generate electricity, but it can also be used in other applications such as refrigeration and air conditioning systems. It is also used in geothermal power plants to harness energy from the Earth's heat.