Time dilation is a concept in physics that explains how time passes differently for objects that are moving at different speeds or in different gravitational fields. Essentially, the faster an object moves or the stronger the gravitational field it is in, the slower time will pass for that object compared to a stationary object.
According to Einstein's theory of relativity, an increase in an object's mass will result in a decrease in the rate at which time passes for that object. This means that the more massive an object is, the slower time will pass for it.
No, the relationship between mass and time dilation is not linear. As an object's mass approaches the speed of light, the amount of time dilation becomes increasingly greater. However, for objects with relatively low masses, the difference in time dilation may be minimal.
Yes, time dilation has been observed in various experiments and can also be seen in the operation of GPS satellites. The satellites experience time dilation due to their high speeds and the Earth's gravitational field, causing them to have slightly faster internal clocks compared to those on Earth. This effect must be taken into account in order for GPS technology to work accurately.
Yes, time dilation has been confirmed through numerous experiments and observations, including the famous Hafele-Keating experiment in 1971. It is also an essential component of Einstein's theory of relativity, which has been extensively tested and validated by scientists.