Time Inversion Symmetry and Angular Momentum

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on demonstrating that the expectation value of the angular momentum operator is zero for a non-degenerate stationary state, represented as ##\left|\psi\right\rangle##, which exhibits time inversion symmetry. The mathematical framework involves the use of unitary and anti-unitary operators, specifically the time inversion operator ##T## and the Hamiltonian ##H##. The key equation derived is $$\langle\psi|J|\psi\rangle = -\langle\psi|J|\psi\rangle$$, which leads to the conclusion that the expectation value must be zero. The discussion emphasizes the importance of understanding the implications of symmetries and commutation relations in quantum mechanics.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of quantum mechanics, specifically eigenstates and Hamiltonians.
  • Familiarity with unitary and anti-unitary operators, particularly time inversion symmetry.
  • Knowledge of angular momentum operators in quantum systems.
  • Basic grasp of commutation relations and their implications in quantum theory.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the properties of unitary and anti-unitary operators in quantum mechanics.
  • Learn about angular momentum in quantum mechanics, focusing on its operators and eigenstates.
  • Research the implications of time reversal symmetry on quantum states.
  • Explore the mathematical techniques for proving expectation values in quantum systems.
USEFUL FOR

Quantum mechanics students, physicists interested in symmetry properties, and anyone studying angular momentum in quantum systems will benefit from this discussion.

Yoni V
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Homework Statement


Let ##\left|\psi\right\rangle## be a non-degenerate stationary state, i.e. an eigenstate of the Hamiltonian. Suppose the system exhibits symmetry for time inversion, but not necessarily for rotations. Show that the expectation value for the angular momentum operator is zero.

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution


I'm trying to write the mathematical implications for each of the above statements, e.g. $$T(-iH)T^{-1}=iH,\; R(iH)R^{-1}=iH$$ where R,T are the corresponding unitary and anti unitary operators, and H is the Hamiltonian.
But I really don't see where this leads me. This is the beginning of the semester, so I still have very little intuition about how to take advantage of different properties such as unitarity, symmetries and commutation relations...
 
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When asked to show that an expectation value for some observable ##J## is 0 in the state ##|\psi\rangle##, one approach is to try proving that $$\langle\psi|J|\psi\rangle ~=~ - \langle\psi|J|\psi\rangle ~.$$ In your case, you can replace ##|\psi\rangle## by ##T|\psi\rangle## (where ##T## is the operator of time inversion). But then you must also think about how ##T## acts on angular momentum. A bit of googling should reveal the answer, or you can use the trick of thinking of time reversal as motion reversal.
 

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