Tunnel Through Earth: Particle Motion Facts

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A particle dropped into a tunnel through the Earth will oscillate to a height equal to the Earth's radius on both sides, confirming statements A and C as true. The motion is periodic due to the nature of oscillations in gravitational fields. However, the particle does not execute simple harmonic motion (B) because the gravitational force changes inside the Earth, differing from the constant force required for SHM. The particle passes through the center of the Earth with a speed of √(2GM/R), validating statement D. The discussion emphasizes the importance of understanding gravitational forces in different regions to analyze the motion accurately.
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Homework Statement


A particle is dropped from a height equal to the radius of the Earth into a tunnel dug through the Earth along one of the diameters. Which of the following is/are true--
(A) Particle will oscillate through the Earth to a height R on both sides
(B) Particle will execute simple harmonic motion
(C) Motion of the particle is periodic
(D) Particle passes through the centre of Earth with a speed √ (2GM/R)

Homework Equations

The Attempt at a Solution


The answers are (A), (C), (D).

I know A and C will be true, A due to conservation of energy and C because such motions are almost always periodic, but I don't get why (B) is wrong and (D) is true.
Is (B) wrong because field above the Earth is GM/r^2 and inside the Earth GMr/R^3 and these are different, so it won't be SHM?
In any case, I can't prove (D) to be true (I tried energy conservation)
 
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Sorry, got it.
 
It will melt.
 
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