Understanding Absorption and Transmission in Spectroscopy

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    Absorption Transmission
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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the concepts of absorption and transmission in spectroscopy, particularly focusing on the mathematical relationships between these quantities and the implications of various readings from a spectrometer. Participants explore the confusion surrounding the interpretation of absorption and transmission values, as well as the factors that may influence these measurements.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested
  • Homework-related

Main Points Raised

  • One participant expresses confusion regarding the relationship between transmission and absorption, questioning why a transmission of 60% corresponds to an absorption of 22.2% instead of 40%.
  • Another participant suggests that scattering processes could account for discrepancies in the readings, proposing a division of the mass-energy absorption factor into elastic and inelastic scattering and photoabsorption.
  • Several participants challenge the initial participant's understanding of the equation, suggesting they may have made an error and should consult the manual.
  • It is noted that reflection must be considered in the overall balance of light interactions, with a participant stating the equation R + T + A = 1 applies to all processes.
  • Concerns are raised about the implications of transmission values below 0.1, with one participant indicating that this could lead to absorption values exceeding 100%.
  • Another participant agrees that reflection plays a role and emphasizes that the percentages of light absorbed, transmitted, and reflected depend on the specific compound being analyzed.
  • A later reply clarifies that the measurement being discussed is absorbance, not absorption, which may contribute to the confusion.
  • One participant confirms the calculations provided by the original poster, stating that their understanding of the relationship between transmission and absorption is correct.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants do not reach a consensus on the interpretation of the spectrometer readings, with multiple competing views and ongoing debate regarding the mathematical relationships and the factors influencing absorption and transmission.

Contextual Notes

Some participants highlight the lack of manuals during their lab work, which may have contributed to misunderstandings about the equations used. The discussion also reflects varying levels of familiarity with the concepts and the specific context of the experiments conducted.

Pengwuino
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I'm a little confused, we have tested chemical concentrations based on how much light it can absorb. What i don't understand is why something can have a reading of 60% transmission yet also have an absorption of 22.2% via the equation A = LOG(1/T), T being tranmission, A being absorption. Seems like it should be a 40% absorption. Then i realized i might not quite understand what it means when a spectrometer is reading "Absorption and Transmission". Can someone explain?
 
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The rest goes to scattering processes I guess. One can split the mass-energy absorption factor to elastic and inelastic scattering and photoabsorption.
 
You may have got something wrong with your equation. Maybe you should consult the manual again.
 
Ich said:
You may have got something wrong with your equation. Maybe you should consult the manual again.

No that's how the math works. The meter has a transmission and an absorption scale on the same dial going opposite ways but the Absorption is logarithmic.
 
Reflection accounts for some of the difference...

R + T + A = 1 for all processes.
 
Hey, when T<0.1 -> A>1. That surely does NOT work. You must have forgot something crucial.
 
Ich is right, not only does that allow for absorption to be more than 100%, but A+T > 100% whenever the transmission is less than 13.7%.
 
Ich said:
You may have got something wrong with your equation. Maybe you should consult the manual again.

This is the key to the argument... start consulting.
 
It was a lab for our chem course, we didn't have manuals to consult, we were just told "here, use this equation" and did as we were told haha.
 
  • #10
Pengwuino said:
It was a lab for our chem course, we didn't have manuals to consult, we were just told "here, use this equation" and did as we were told haha.

Ich is right that reflection does come into play, but the percent of light absorbed, transmitted, and reflected depends on what compound you are talking about. Are you sure it wasn't a sort of "introductory thought experiment" to get to used to using equations to model light A&R&T?
 
  • #11
It was probably the only time we used the spectrometer this semester haha. It was one of those "hey look, you can determine concentration via light absorption, how bout that" experiments.
 
  • #12
Got it now - You´re measuring http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absorbance" , not absorption.
 
Last edited by a moderator:
  • #13
It's less complicated than that...

Your reading of 22.2 is about right. If transmission = T is 60%, or 0.60, then per your formula absorption = A is log(1/T). Well, 1/.60 is 1.66, and the log of that is .2218, or about 22.2%. So your work stands.
 

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