Understanding Ligand Strength: [Cu(H2O)6]2+ to [CuCl4]2-

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SUMMARY

The discussion centers on the ligand substitution reaction between [Cu(H2O)6]2+ and Cl- ions, resulting in the formation of [CuCl4]2-. The reaction is driven by the high concentration of Cl- ions, which shifts the equilibrium to favor the formation of the chloro complex, despite chloro being a weaker ligand than aqua. Additionally, the change in geometry during the substitution process is highlighted as a significant factor influencing the reaction. The terms "aqua ligand" and "water ligand" are discussed, with clarification needed on their appropriate usage in the context of ligand nomenclature.

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Homework Statement


From what I've read, [Cu(H2O)6]2+ when reacts with concentrated hydrochloric acid, the chloro ligand will displace the aqua ligand and form [CuCl4]2-

Homework Equations


[Cu(H2O)6]2+ + 4Cl- <--> [CuCl4]2- + 6H2O
( <---> means reversible reaction, I don't know how to type it out, sorry)

The Attempt at a Solution


But chloro is a weaker ligand than aqua, how can the ligand substitution reaction happen?
 
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I suspect the high concentration of the Cl- ions is sufficient to shift the equilibrium over to the right (Le Chatelier's principle) enough to cause a majority of the complex ions to undergo the ligand substitution.
 
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Water concentration is (almost) always much higher.

It is not just about the ligands, you are ignoring change of the geometry. Not that I know it is the answer here - I just see you are not taking it into account.
 
I also like to ask, since no one comment about that, is water a ligand or aqua? I know that both refer to H2O, but if I want to mention a ligand, which one of them, aqua/aqua ligand/water/water ligand, is more appropriate?
 

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