What are the different accelerations acting on a ballistic missile?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion focuses on the different types of accelerations acting on a ballistic missile, particularly "propulsive acceleration" and "tangential acceleration of the launch site." Participants explore the definitions and implications of these accelerations in the context of missile trajectory and launch dynamics.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory, Technical explanation, Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant seeks clarification on the distinction between "propulsive acceleration" and "tangential acceleration of the launch site."
  • Another participant suggests that "propulsive acceleration" may account for asymmetric propulsion, while "tangential acceleration" relates to recoil or other forces acting on the missile.
  • A third participant references a company that launches rockets from the equator, explaining that the Earth's rotation provides a tangential speed advantage for launches.
  • One participant interprets "propulsive acceleration" as the acceleration from onboard rockets and "tangential acceleration" as centripetal acceleration due to the Earth's rotation, noting that the tangential acceleration is zero in terms of changing speed.
  • A later reply acknowledges the complexity of tangential acceleration, stating that while the tangential velocity is constant, its direction changes, leading to nonzero acceleration in a broader context.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing interpretations of the definitions and implications of the accelerations, indicating that multiple competing views remain without a consensus on their meanings.

Contextual Notes

There are unresolved aspects regarding the definitions of "propulsive acceleration" and "tangential acceleration," as well as the implications of the Earth's rotation on missile launches.

Egomeh
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Hi

Im currently looking at ballistic missile curves and how to determin impact locations.

I found an article discussing this.

According to the article several accelerations act on the missile, including two I can't figure out.

These are called "propulsive acceleration" and "tangential acceleration of the launch site"

Can someone explain why these are not the same? or what they represent?
 
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My guess: "propulsive acceleration" accounts for the issue that the propulsion might be a bit asymmetric.
"tangential acceleration of the launch site" would be an acceleration of the device due to recoil or other forces.
 
This seems to explain one of your questions:

“A company called Sea Launch Corporation launched its first satellite into orbit on Sunday. The company launches rockets from a converted offshore oil platform which can be moved to a location on the equator. Why do they launch from the equator?
Because the Earth is spinning, every point on the surface has a tangential speed proportional to its distance from the Earth's axis. Rocket launchers can take advantage of this tangential speed to give their rockets a head start on their journey into orbit, and the greatest tangential speed is obtained at locations furthest from the Earth's axis, i.e. on the equator.”

http://hep.physics.wayne.edu/~harr/courses/2130/f99/lecture11.htm
 
judging from equations (1) and (13) of http://faculty.kfupm.edu.sa/ae/aymanma/images/Ballistic%20missile%20trajectory%20prediction%20using%20a%20state%20transition%20matrix.pdf ,

i think "propulsive acceleration" means the onboard rockets

and "tangential acceleration" seems to mean centripetal acceleration of the launch site :confused:

EDIT:
Bobbywhy said:
Because the Earth is spinning, every point on the surface has a tangential speed proportional to its distance from the Earth's axis

but the tangential acceleration is zero :wink:
 
Last edited by a moderator:
tiny-tim said:
but the tangential acceleration is zero :wink:

[STRIKE]The tangential acceleration is also nonzero, because the tangential velocity, though constant in magnitude, is changing direction.[/STRIKE] Oh, wait, I see what you mean. Yes the Earth is not increasing or decreasing its rotation speed appreciably!. Though, if we want to take a larger view - i.e. we are launching a satellite beyond Earth orbit into the larger solar system, or beyond, then we should consider the velocity of the Earth and of the sun :)
 

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