What does mean free electron. for laser

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A free electron laser (FEL) utilizes a high-energy electron beam and an undulator array of magnets to produce light. Unlike traditional lasers, it does not rely on a cavity or stimulated emission, making it more akin to a synchrotron light source. The bending of electron paths in magnetic fields results in the emission of light. FELs are advanced, high-tech instruments primarily used for research and are costly to develop. Understanding FELs requires exploring detailed resources, as they offer more comprehensive explanations than casual discussions.
taregg
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does it mean extract electrons from the out put of laser beem
 
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taregg said:
does it mean extract electrons from the out put of laser beem

Did you do a google search on this already? If you did, you would have seen numerous references, better than what most of us can explain on here, with clear figures and animation, even!

Try it. Search "Free electron laser" or FEL

https://www.physicsforums.com/blog.php?b=3588

Zz.
 
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A free electron laser uses a high-energy electron beam and an array of magnets arranged as an "undulator". As the electrons pass through the varying magnetic fields their paths bend in a carefully calculated pattern ... and with each bending motion light is emitted - the light continues on along the open path.

It is not a laser in the usual sense; it lacks the cavity, and doesn't use stimulated emission. It is more like a baby synchrotron light source. They are very high-tech, and very expensive research tools.

See http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free-electron_laser
 
It may be shown from the equations of electromagnetism, by James Clerk Maxwell in the 1860’s, that the speed of light in the vacuum of free space is related to electric permittivity (ϵ) and magnetic permeability (μ) by the equation: c=1/√( μ ϵ ) . This value is a constant for the vacuum of free space and is independent of the motion of the observer. It was this fact, in part, that led Albert Einstein to Special Relativity.
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