What is the differences between hydrolysis and hydration?

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Hydrolysis and hydration are distinct processes involving water. Hydration generally refers to the addition of water to a substance, often seen in the context of salts or minerals that incorporate water into their structure. In contrast, hydrolysis specifically involves the chemical reaction where water is split into hydrogen ions (H+) and hydroxide ions (OH-), often resulting in the breaking of chemical bonds. While both processes produce H+ and OH- ions, their definitions and implications in chemistry differ significantly. Understanding these differences is crucial for grasping various chemical reactions and their applications.
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With the exception of hydration reactions (which is a specific organic-chemistry thing), 'hydration' doesn't have any exact chemical meaning other than 'adding water' to something. For instance, some salts/minerals bind water in their crystals. If they've done so, they're 'hydrated'.

"Hydrolysis" on the other hand, refers to the splitting of water into H+ and OH-, or in organic chemistry, to a reaction splitting a type of bond.
 

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