Who Won the 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics and Why Not Others?

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The 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to Francois Englert and Peter W. Higgs for their contributions to the theoretical framework of particle physics, specifically regarding the Higgs mechanism. The selection process favored living recipients, which excluded Robert Brout, who had passed away, and limited the award to a maximum of three individuals. This decision highlights a common issue in scientific recognition, where significant contributors may be overlooked due to various circumstances, such as untimely deaths or the constraints of the award's rules. The discussion reflects on the complexities of awarding scientific achievements and acknowledges the contributions of those who may not receive formal recognition.
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The 2013 Nobel Prize in Physics was just awarded to Francois Englert and Peter W. Higgs.

Why were they chosen over Robert Brout, Gerald Guralnik, Richard Hagen and Tom Kibble who published similar results at about the same time.
 
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The prize is only awarded to living persons, for one thing. I believe Brout was a colleague of Englert and is no longer with us. Don't know about the others. Second, there is a max of 3.

Inevitably, there are important contributors who cannot be recognized with almost any discovery. Or somehow are left behind. J.S. Bell died before he could be nominated, for example. I personally believe he would have won by now.
 
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