Why air resistance has less force than gravitation force in free fall?

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SUMMARY

In free fall, the gravitational force acting on an object, such as an egg, is greater than the air resistance until the object reaches terminal velocity. Initially, when the egg is released, it experiences no air resistance, and the net force equals its weight. As the egg accelerates downward, air resistance increases with speed, eventually balancing the gravitational force, resulting in zero net force and constant velocity. This phenomenon is mathematically described by the differential equation $$m\frac{dv}{dt}=-mg+u(v)$$, where ##u(v)## represents the air resistance as a function of speed.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of Newton's laws of motion
  • Familiarity with the concept of terminal velocity
  • Basic knowledge of differential equations
  • Knowledge of forces acting on falling objects
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the principles of terminal velocity in fluid dynamics
  • Learn about the mathematical modeling of motion using differential equations
  • Explore the effects of varying air density on falling objects
  • Investigate the relationship between speed and air resistance in different mediums
USEFUL FOR

Physics students, educators, and anyone interested in understanding the dynamics of falling objects and the interplay between gravitational and air resistance forces.

Benjamin_harsh
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Homework Statement
Why air resistance has less force than gravitation force in free fall?
Relevant Equations
net force is not equal to zero.
Why air resistance has less force than gravitation force in free fall?

If Egg is fall from a nest of tree, while falling, it has less magnitude of air resistance than gravitation force.
Where net force is not equal to zero.
 
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Benjamin_harsh said:
Problem Statement: Why air resistance has less force than gravitation force in free fall?
What research have you done on this? What have you found out?

If you open your palm vertically and swing your arm around, does air resistance overcome your arm's force? Why not?
 
Benjamin_harsh said:
Problem Statement: Why air resistance has less force than gravitation force in free fall?
Relevant Equations: net force is not equal to zero.

Why air resistance has less force than gravitation force in free fall?

If Egg is fall from a nest of tree, while falling, it has less magnitude of air resistance than gravitation force.
Where net force is not equal to zero.
Put the egg in a 100 km/hr updraft and see which wins out.
 
As soon as you release the egg (no updrafts) its acceleration is g. Instantaneously at the moment of release, the net force on the egg is equal to its weight and its speed is zero. There is no air resistance opposing the motion because there is no motion. As time increases
a. the speed will increase as long as there is non-zero acceleration but
b. increasing speed means increasing air resistance which implies that
c. the net force will be less than the weight nevertheless
d. the speed and hence the air resistance will keep increasing because there is still acceleration therefore
e. there will come a time when the speed is such that the air resistance has become large enough to equal the weight which makes the net force equal to zero.

At that time the falling egg has zero acceleration and its speed no longer changes, i.e. it has reached terminal velocity.

All this is neatly summarized with a differential equation $$m\frac{dv}{dt}=-mg+u(v)$$where ##v## is the speed of the falling object and ##u(v)## is a function of speed (usually a power law) such that ##u(0)=0##.
 
Benjamin_harsh said:
Problem Statement: Why air resistance has less force than gravitation force in free fall?
I don't know if you summarized or translated your original homework question, so interpret my comment accordingly.
However, it just drives me crazy when instructors ask questions like this that are untrue, incomplete, or misleading. Of course the students are confused, the question makes no sense. The solution to most all physics problems requires the student to be precise in how they model, evaluate, and solve the system or questions posed. How are they expected to learn this when they are set up this way?
 

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