Why an electron at rest cannot emit a photon?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers on the question of why an electron at rest cannot emit a photon, exploring the underlying principles of energy and momentum conservation. Participants seek both conceptual and mathematical explanations for this phenomenon.

Discussion Character

  • Conceptual clarification
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants assert that momentum and energy must be conserved in any process involving photon emission.
  • One participant claims that there is no solution where energy and momentum before emission equal energy and momentum after, suggesting that photon emission cannot occur under these conditions.
  • Another participant argues that even a moving electron cannot emit a photon without external influences, citing mass-energy considerations and the need for kinetic energy to maintain the center of mass.
  • A later reply introduces the idea that current belief holds an electron cannot decay into a neutrino and a photon due to charge conservation laws, though this is presented as a hypothetical scenario.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants generally agree on the principles of energy and momentum conservation as barriers to photon emission by a resting electron, but there are varying interpretations and additional considerations regarding moving electrons and hypothetical decay processes.

Contextual Notes

The discussion includes assumptions about the conservation laws and the nature of photons and electrons, but does not resolve the mathematical proof sought by the original poster.

Docdan6
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Hi!

Could someone explain to me why an electron at rest without any influence from a magnetic or electric field cannot emit a photon ?

Could you explain it mathematically too ?

Thanks in advance...
 
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:welcome:

Think about it. Momentum must be conserved. Energy must be conserved.
 
anorlunda said:
:welcome:

Think about it. Momentum must be conserved. Energy must be conserved.

I know that ! But how can I prove it mathematically? (I don't have a background in physics I'm a pharmacologist...)
 
There is no solution where energy and momentum before emission equal energy and momentum after. Therefore, it can't happen.

You must be interested in physics, that is hardly a pharmacological question. :smile:
 
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Not even a moving electron, without influence of an electric or magnetic field, can emit a photon.

A photon at rest has energy just from its mass (mass-energy equivalence). If it would emit a photon, you would have energy from the electron mass, plus energy from the photon, plus kinetic energy from the electron (it has to move to keep the center of mass at the same place). That doesn't work.

For a moving electron, you can consider the process in the rest frame of the electron, with the same conclusion.
 
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Just in case this was a possible option, current belief is that an electron can't decay into a neutrino and a photon, because charge would be lost, which would violate the law of charge conservation (this assumes there isn't some smaller charged particle that no one has discovered yet).
 
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