Why do strong oxidizers and hydroxide not react with each other?

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SUMMARY

Hydroxide ions (\(OH^-\)) are recognized as strong reducing agents in aqueous solutions, yet they do not react with strong oxidizers such as oxyacids when the hydrogen is removed. This phenomenon is evident as potassium permanganate oxidation of organics occurs in strong base conditions without significant interaction between sodium hydroxide and potassium nitrate. Additionally, sodium hypochlorite, produced by reacting chlorine gas with sodium hydroxide, demonstrates negligible reactivity with hydroxide ions, indicating a slow or non-existent reaction rate. The discussion highlights the stability of oxyacids' conjugate bases in strong hydroxide solutions.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of hydroxide ions and their properties as reducing agents
  • Knowledge of oxyacids and their conjugate bases
  • Familiarity with oxidation-reduction reactions
  • Basic chemistry of sodium hypochlorite production
NEXT STEPS
  • Research the properties of hydroxide ions in aqueous solutions
  • Study the behavior of oxyacids and their conjugate bases in strong bases
  • Explore the mechanisms of oxidation reactions involving potassium permanganate
  • Investigate the production and stability of sodium hypochlorite in alkaline conditions
USEFUL FOR

Chemistry students, researchers in inorganic chemistry, and professionals involved in chemical synthesis and oxidation-reduction processes will benefit from this discussion.

ShawnD
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Hydroxide is a strong reducing agent, probably the strongest that can exist in water.
Oxyacids without the hydrogen are all strong oxidizing agents, but most oxyacids (all?), without their hydrogen, can be put in a strong hydroxide solution and nothing will happen. Oxidation of organics with potassium permanganate is often done in the presence of a strong base. Potassium nitrate and sodium hydroxide don't seem to react. Sodium hypochlorite is made by bubbling chlorine gas into sodium hydroxide, so obviously hypochlorite does not react with hydroxide, or it does at a rate so slow that it's almost nonexistent.

Shouldn't something happen between oxyacids and hydroxide?
 
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ShawnD said:
Hydroxide is a strong reducing agent
?
, probably the strongest that can exist in water.
[tex]\displaystyle {OH^-}[/tex]

doesn't react with water to give

[tex]\displaystyle {H_2}[/tex].
Oxyacids without the hydrogen
What do you mean? Their coniugated base?
are all strong oxidizing agents
Not all.

[tex]\displaystyle {H_2SO_3, ~H_2CO_3, ~H_3PO_4,~H_3BO_3}[/tex]

are not (for example) and not even their coniugated bases:

[tex]\displaystyle {HSO_3^-, ~SO_3^{2-},~HCO_3^-,~\displaystyle{ecc.}[/tex]

, but most oxyacids (all?), without their hydrogen, can be put in a strong hydroxide solution and nothing will happen. Oxidation of organics with potassium permanganate is often done in the presence of a strong base. Potassium nitrate and sodium hydroxide don't seem to react. Sodium hypochlorite is made by bubbling chlorine gas into sodium hydroxide, so obviously hypochlorite does not react with hydroxide, or it does at a rate so slow that it's almost nonexistent.
Shouldn't something happen between oxyacids and hydroxide?
Yes, an acid-base reaction :smile:
 
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