Why is kinetic friction constant?

In summary, the formula for kinetic friction is not accurate and it is based on empirical data. Linear drag is more dominant at lower speeds and quadratic drag dominates at higher speeds.
  • #1
Skhandelwal
400
3
I don't get it, first of all, why does air friction quadruples as velocity doubles? Second, if that air friction works in that way, why does kinetic work in a constant manner?
 
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  • #2
Skhandelwal said:
I don't get it, first of all, why does air friction quadruples as velocity doubles? Second, if that air friction works in that way, why does kinetic work in a constant manner?
The short answer is that it doesn't, exactly. The formula for kinetic friction is empirically derived and is only approximately true.

Air friction does not always vary as the square of the speed. At slower speeds it is proportional to speed. At higher speeds it is proportional to higher orders of the velocity. Fluid dynamics is very complicated and has to take into consideration many different things that go on when an object moves through a fluid.

AM
 
  • #3
approximately... there is linear drag and quadratic drag. linear drag dominates for small objects (example: a piece of dust), linear drag is caused by aerodynamic flow passing the object...

for big objects, quadratic drag dominates. You can think of it this way, when an big object is moving, it acclerates the air in front of it. Let's say the objects is moving at v and the air is stationary relative to it. for time dt, the object moves a distance of v*dt, so that the number of molecules it hits is around v*dt*(area), the momentum transferred is around m*v so that the the change in momentum per dt ~ m*v*v*dt*(area) ~ v^2. since force is change in momentum per time, the drag goes quadratically...

my explanation is very very VERY rough, do not take it too literally.
 
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  • #4
all of you are explaning it mathematically, I have problem understanding it conceptually.
 
  • #5
Anyone? Please?
 
  • #6
Skhandelwal said:
all of you are explaning it mathematically, I have problem understanding it conceptually.
Physics is based upon mathematics.
 

1. Why is kinetic friction constant?

Kinetic friction is constant because it is independent of the velocity of the object. This means that no matter how fast or slow an object is moving, the kinetic friction will remain the same.

2. What factors affect the value of kinetic friction?

The value of kinetic friction is affected by the type of surfaces in contact, the normal force between the surfaces, and the roughness of the surfaces. Other factors such as temperature and the presence of lubricants can also affect the value of kinetic friction.

3. How is kinetic friction different from static friction?

Kinetic friction is the force that resists the motion of an object when it is already in motion, while static friction is the force that resists the motion of an object when it is at rest. Kinetic friction is generally weaker than static friction, and it remains constant while static friction increases as the force applied to the object increases.

4. Can kinetic friction ever be zero?

In theory, kinetic friction can be zero if there is no force acting against the motion of the object. However, in real-life situations, there will always be some amount of kinetic friction present due to imperfections in the surfaces and other external factors.

5. How is the coefficient of kinetic friction determined?

The coefficient of kinetic friction is determined by dividing the force of kinetic friction by the normal force between the surfaces. This value is experimentally determined by measuring the force required to keep an object in motion at a constant velocity.

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