Why is the fundamental theorem of arithmetic special?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the significance of the Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic, particularly why it is considered "fundamental" in the context of number theory. Participants explore the roles of prime numbers and operations such as addition and multiplication in constructing the set of natural numbers.

Discussion Character

  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • Some participants propose that the theorem is significant because it highlights primes as the building blocks of positive integers.
  • Others argue that while primes are essential for multiplication, one can also construct natural numbers through repeated addition of 1.
  • A participant questions the special status of multiplication compared to other operations like addition, exponentiation, and higher operations.
  • Another participant suggests that multiplication is not necessarily more fundamental than addition, but the simplicity of building natural numbers through addition may not warrant a theorem.
  • One participant speculates that the name "Fundamental Theorem of Arithmetic" may stem from historical tradition, dating back to Euclid, and suggests that naming conventions can sometimes be arbitrary.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express differing views on the fundamental nature of multiplication versus addition and the significance of the theorem itself. There is no consensus on why the theorem is deemed fundamental, and multiple competing perspectives remain.

Contextual Notes

Participants do not resolve the underlying assumptions regarding the definitions of fundamental operations or the historical context of the theorem's naming.

japplepie
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Why is it significant enough to be fundamental?

Some people say that it is fundamental because it establishes the importance of primes as the building blocks of positive integers, but I could just as easily 'build up' the positive integers just by simply iterating +1's starting from 0.
 
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Yes, you can build up all natural numbers by adding 1's. The primes do the same thing from the point of view of multiplication as 1 does from the point of view of addition. If you want to build up all the natural numbers using multiplication, you need to use primes.
 
In that case, why is multiplication so special? What makes it more special than addition, exponentiation, tetration, pentation, hexation, ... ?
 
japplepie said:
In that case, why is multiplication so special? What makes it more special than addition, exponentiation, tetration, pentation, hexation, ... ?
Multiplication is certainly not more "fundamental" than addition, but building up the natural numbers by adding 1's is apparently not difficult enough to call it a theorem. It may be how the natural numbers are defined. Multiplication and addition are the fundamental operations that are used to define the other operations.
 
If the question has to due with the fact why it has the name it has. I imagine this is a tradition bestowed upon it by the fact that the theorem has existed since Euclid. I'm sure there may exist other reasons. Anyway, I wouldn't get to hung up on the name. Sometimes we just name things so everyone knows what we're talking about.
 

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