Question on special case reactions between metal and acid

[xtprtpr]

I am a GCSE student and I am wondering why copper metal reacts with hot, concentrated sulfuric acid to produce copper (II) sulfate, sulfur dioxide, and water. Copper also reacts with hot, concentrated nitric acid to form copper (II) nitrate, nitrogen monoxide and water. Why do these reactions work? What other metals react with hot and concentrated acids this way to produce gases(not hydrogen gas)? Any help would be appreciated. I am just a GCSE student so pardon me if I do not understand certain explanations. Thanks!

 

[Borek]

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactivity_series

 

[xtprtpr]

Oh I see. What acids are strong oxidizing agents though?

 

[Borek]

Of those commonly used nitric and to some extent concentrated sulfuric. Of those less often used - perchloric acid.

 

[LudusRex]

These reactions between metals and acids are known as single displacement reactions. In these reactions, the metal atoms are oxidized and the hydrogen ions from the acid are reduced.

In the case of copper reacting with hot, concentrated sulfuric acid, the sulfuric acid provides the hydrogen ions needed for the reduction, while the copper atoms provide the electrons for the oxidation. This results in the formation of copper (II) sulfate, sulfur dioxide, and water.

Similarly, when copper reacts with hot, concentrated nitric acid, the nitric acid provides the hydrogen ions and also acts as an oxidizing agent, causing the copper atoms to lose electrons and form copper (II) nitrate, nitrogen monoxide, and water.

Other metals that can react with hot and concentrated acids in a similar way include iron, zinc, and aluminum. These metals are also capable of providing electrons for oxidation and can form different products depending on the specific acid used.

It is important to note that not all metals will react with acids in the same way. Some metals, such as gold and platinum, are resistant to corrosion and will not react with acids at all. Others, such as magnesium and sodium, will react vigorously with acids, producing different products and potentially dangerous gases like hydrogen gas.

I hope this explanation helps to clarify the reactions between metals and acids. Keep up your curiosity and continue to explore the fascinating world of chemistry!