What is Analog: Definition and 284 Discussions

ANALOG Computing (an acronym for Atari Newsletter And Lots Of Games) was an American computer magazine devoted to Atari 8-bit family of home computers. It was published from 1981 until 1989. In addition to reviews and tutorials, ANALOG printed multiple programs in each issue for users to type in. The magazine had a reputation for listings of machine language games–much smoother than those written in Atari BASIC—and which were uncommon in competing magazines. Such games were accompanied by the assembly language source code. ANALOG also sold commercial games, two books of type-in software, and access to a custom bulletin-board system.
Originally the title as printed on the cover was A.N.A.L.O.G. 400/800 Magazine, but by the eighth issue it changed to A.N.A.L.O.G. Computing. Though the dots remained in the logo, it was simply referred to as ANALOG or ANALOG Computing inside the magazine.
While the program listings were covered under the magazine's copyright protections, users were granted the right to type them into their computer for personal use, so long as they were not sold or copied.

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  1. Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Folded cascode opamp

    Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Folded cascode opamp

    COPYRIGHT strictly reserved to Prof. Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura and NPTEL, Govt. of India. Duplication Prohibited. Lectures: http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/ Syllabus: http://www.nptel.ac.in/syllabus/syllabus.php?subjectId=117106030
  2. Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Two stage opamp

    Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Two stage opamp

    COPYRIGHT strictly reserved to Prof. Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura and NPTEL, Govt. of India. Duplication Prohibited. Lectures: http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/ Syllabus: http://www.nptel.ac.in/syllabus/syllabus.php?subjectId=117106030
  3. Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Two stage opamp; Three stage and triple cascode opamps

    Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Two stage opamp; Three stage and triple cascode opamps

    COPYRIGHT strictly reserved to Prof. Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura and NPTEL, Govt. of India. Duplication Prohibited. Lectures: http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/ Syllabus: http://www.nptel.ac.in/syllabus/syllabus.php?subjectId=117106030
  4. Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Common mode rejection ratio; Example

    Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Common mode rejection ratio; Example

    COPYRIGHT strictly reserved to Prof. Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura and NPTEL, Govt. of India. Duplication Prohibited. Lectures: http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/ Syllabus: http://www.nptel.ac.in/syllabus/syllabus.php?subjectId=117106030
  5. Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Fully differential circuits

    Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Fully differential circuits

    COPYRIGHT strictly reserved to Prof. Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura and NPTEL, Govt. of India. Duplication Prohibited. Lectures: http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/ Syllabus: http://www.nptel.ac.in/syllabus/syllabus.php?subjectId=117106030
  6. Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Fully differential single stage opamp

    Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Fully differential single stage opamp

    COPYRIGHT strictly reserved to Prof. Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura and NPTEL, Govt. of India. Duplication Prohibited. Lectures: http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/ Syllabus: http://www.nptel.ac.in/syllabus/syllabus.php?subjectId=117106030
  7. Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Common mode feedback

    Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Common mode feedback

    COPYRIGHT strictly reserved to Prof. Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura and NPTEL, Govt. of India. Duplication Prohibited. Lectures: http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/ Syllabus: http://www.nptel.ac.in/syllabus/syllabus.php?subjectId=117106030
  8. Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Fully differential single stage opamp

    Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Fully differential single stage opamp

    COPYRIGHT strictly reserved to Prof. Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura and NPTEL, Govt. of India. Duplication Prohibited. Lectures: http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/ Syllabus: http://www.nptel.ac.in/syllabus/syllabus.php?subjectId=117106030
  9. Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Fully differential two stage opamp; Fully differential versus pseudo-differential

    Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Fully differential two stage opamp; Fully differential versus pseudo-differential

    COPYRIGHT strictly reserved to Prof. Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura and NPTEL, Govt. of India. Duplication Prohibited. Lectures: http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/ Syllabus: http://www.nptel.ac.in/syllabus/syllabus.php?subjectId=117106030
  10. Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Circuit simulators and analyses

    Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Circuit simulators and analyses

    COPYRIGHT strictly reserved to Prof. Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura and NPTEL, Govt. of India. Duplication Prohibited. Lectures: http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/ Syllabus: http://www.nptel.ac.in/syllabus/syllabus.php?subjectId=117106030
  11. Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Phase locked loop as frequency multiplier

    Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Phase locked loop as frequency multiplier

    COPYRIGHT strictly reserved to Prof. Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura and NPTEL, Govt. of India. Duplication Prohibited. Lectures: http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/ Syllabus: http://www.nptel.ac.in/syllabus/syllabus.php?subjectId=117106030
  12. Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Phase domain model

    Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Phase domain model

    COPYRIGHT strictly reserved to Prof. Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura and NPTEL, Govt. of India. Duplication Prohibited. Lectures: http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/ Syllabus: http://www.nptel.ac.in/syllabus/syllabus.php?subjectId=117106030
  13. Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Type I PLL transfer function and reference feedthrough

    Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Type I PLL transfer function and reference feedthrough

    COPYRIGHT strictly reserved to Prof. Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura and NPTEL, Govt. of India. Duplication Prohibited. Lectures: http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/ Syllabus: http://www.nptel.ac.in/syllabus/syllabus.php?subjectId=117106030
  14. Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Type II PLL

    Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Type II PLL

    COPYRIGHT strictly reserved to Prof. Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura and NPTEL, Govt. of India. Duplication Prohibited. Lectures: http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/ Syllabus: http://www.nptel.ac.in/syllabus/syllabus.php?subjectId=117106030
  15. Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Type II PLL transfer functions; Implementation

    Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Type II PLL transfer functions; Implementation

    COPYRIGHT strictly reserved to Prof. Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura and NPTEL, Govt. of India. Duplication Prohibited. Lectures: http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/ Syllabus: http://www.nptel.ac.in/syllabus/syllabus.php?subjectId=117106030
  16. Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Type II PLL-extra poles; Random noise in a PLL

    Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Type II PLL-extra poles; Random noise in a PLL

    COPYRIGHT strictly reserved to Prof. Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura and NPTEL, Govt. of India. Duplication Prohibited. Lectures: http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/ Syllabus: http://www.nptel.ac.in/syllabus/syllabus.php?subjectId=117106030
  17. Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Oscillator phase noise

    Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Oscillator phase noise

    COPYRIGHT strictly reserved to Prof. Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura and NPTEL, Govt. of India. Duplication Prohibited. Lectures: http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/ Syllabus: http://www.nptel.ac.in/syllabus/syllabus.php?subjectId=117106030
  18. Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- PLL phase noise; LC and ring Oscillators

    Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- PLL phase noise; LC and ring Oscillators

    COPYRIGHT strictly reserved to Prof. Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura and NPTEL, Govt. of India. Duplication Prohibited. Lectures: http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/ Syllabus: http://www.nptel.ac.in/syllabus/syllabus.php?subjectId=117106030
  19. Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Generating PTAT and constant MOS gm bias currents

    Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Generating PTAT and constant MOS gm bias currents

    COPYRIGHT strictly reserved to Prof. Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura and NPTEL, Govt. of India. Duplication Prohibited. Lectures: http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/ Syllabus: http://www.nptel.ac.in/syllabus/syllabus.php?subjectId=117106030
  20. Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Reducing supply sensitivity; Bandgap voltage reference

    Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Reducing supply sensitivity; Bandgap voltage reference

    COPYRIGHT strictly reserved to Prof. Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura and NPTEL, Govt. of India. Duplication Prohibited. Lectures: http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/ Syllabus: http://www.nptel.ac.in/syllabus/syllabus.php?subjectId=117106030
  21. Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Fractional bandgap reference; Low dropout regulators

    Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Fractional bandgap reference; Low dropout regulators

    COPYRIGHT strictly reserved to Prof. Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura and NPTEL, Govt. of India. Duplication Prohibited. Lectures: http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/ Syllabus: http://www.nptel.ac.in/syllabus/syllabus.php?subjectId=117106030
  22. Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Low dropout regulators; Continuous-time active filters

    Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Low dropout regulators; Continuous-time active filters

    COPYRIGHT strictly reserved to Prof. Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura and NPTEL, Govt. of India. Duplication Prohibited. Lectures: http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/ Syllabus: http://www.nptel.ac.in/syllabus/syllabus.php?subjectId=117106030
  23. Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Continuous-time active filters - 1

    Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Continuous-time active filters - 1

    COPYRIGHT strictly reserved to Prof. Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura and NPTEL, Govt. of India. Duplication Prohibited. Lectures: http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/ Syllabus: http://www.nptel.ac.in/syllabus/syllabus.php?subjectId=117106030
  24. Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Continuous-time active filters - 2

    Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Continuous-time active filters - 2

    COPYRIGHT strictly reserved to Prof. Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura and NPTEL, Govt. of India. Duplication Prohibited. Lectures: http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/ Syllabus: http://www.nptel.ac.in/syllabus/syllabus.php?subjectId=117106030
  25. Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Discrete-time active filters

    Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Discrete-time active filters

    COPYRIGHT strictly reserved to Prof. Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura and NPTEL, Govt. of India. Duplication Prohibited. Lectures: http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/ Syllabus: http://www.nptel.ac.in/syllabus/syllabus.php?subjectId=117106030
  26. Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Transistor sizing in practice; Course summary

    Analog IC Design by Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura (NPTEL):- Transistor sizing in practice; Course summary

    COPYRIGHT strictly reserved to Prof. Dr. Nagendra Krishnapura and NPTEL, Govt. of India. Duplication Prohibited. Lectures: http://www.nptel.ac.in/courses/117106030/ Syllabus: http://www.nptel.ac.in/syllabus/syllabus.php?subjectId=117106030
  27. S

    I Analog to Biot-Savart for E field

    On page 317 of "INTRODUCTION TO ELECTRODYNAMICS" 4th Ed. by Griffiths he states without proof that the analog to Biot-Savart for finding the E field is: Can anyone direct me to a reference where this is proved or give me a hint how to prove it? Thank you.
  28. ISamson

    Analog Computers: Digital vs. Theoretical Possibilities

    There are two types of 'reading'. Digital and analog. There are digital computers, which function with 'on' and 'off' data. But can it possible to construct an analog computer? Can it be theoretically possible?
  29. T

    Forward Transfer Characteristic of Triode - Gray Searle P1.1

    Homework Statement This problem is from Gray and Searle's Electronic Principles: P1.1 - The MOS transistor characteristics of Fig. 1.8 are a graphical presentation of the functional relationship ## i_{D} = i_{D}(v_{GS},v_{DS} )## in which ##v_{GS}## is taken as a...
  30. ISamson

    Difference between Analog and Digital Pins on my Arduino Board

    I wanted to ask what the difference between analog and digital pins is on my Arduino (or any other board). I have been using both but don't really know what the difference is. Thanks!
  31. N

    Transmit/Receive analog signals

    I'm completely new to transmitting/receiving signals, but I wanted to get a scope of what kind of components are out there that I could use to build this system. I wanted to read the voltage drop across a resistance thermometer (Vt) and send this signal wirelessly to another circuit, where I...
  32. D

    Help intagrating hertzmeter into analog linear power supply

    First off I'm not an engineer nor do I have a electronics background. I have an old Linear (HP 6284A Power Supply). I would like to be able to display Hz/CPS. I need to measure the speed of a tattoo machine. (basically two coils that make and break connection through out its use. From what...
  33. Cathr

    I Is there an analog to Einstein's field equations for 2D?

    I am not familiar with tensors and I would like to know if it's possible to understand GR without using them. I imagine we use them to describe four-dimentional space-time, because a regular vector or matrix wouldn't be enough. Is there an analog of Einstein's equations for a 2D space (plane)...
  34. G

    PhD after being in industry (EE)

    Dear members, I am an analog designer and I don't get to do a lot of interesting design work at my job. There is a PhD opportunity that came my way which offers really interesting work (will be in a top tier uni and will be working on project for a world famous research institute). However, I...
  35. S

    Baseband Signal Processing and Digital to Analog Converters

    Hi Guys, I have a question on the need for Digital to analog converters in Transmitters. To elaborate bit further: 1) Because of the advantages of the Digital signals, most go the signal processing in wireless communications is performed in baseband. But my question is: Since digital...
  36. F

    Do Transistors That Divide Voltage Exist?

    So I know a transistor is built to amplify or multiple an input signal using a base voltage. Are there such transistors that are analog? That is the output voltage is amplified depending on the base voltage? If so, is there analogously a transistor that divides instead of multiplies? That is...
  37. V

    Maintaining the integrity of an analog signal

    Hi, I am measuring an analog voltage with an Arduino analog in. The analog voltage comes from a cable which also contains digital signal wires. Do I need to separate the analog and digital signals using separate cables? If so, does the analog voltage signal cable need shielding? And if so, how...
  38. shimun

    Transforming an Analog Radio into a Cosmos Radio Receiver: A Step-by-Step Guide

    hello folks. 1.its possible to change simple analog radio device (reciever) to cosmos radio waves reciever or just cosmos radio with relativy small price. if you know how please ilustrate it with images, thank you very much.
  39. Archie Medes

    Analog zero-point synced AC PWM: is there a better way?

    Hi, Thinking of a circuit to control the AC power to a heating element. I wanted something fairly linear, and analog. I don't have anything against using a programmable controller, I just wanted to think of an analogue solution, seeing as I don't need to learn how to write a program. The...
  40. H

    Troubleshooting Analog Delay Line Simulation in Multisim

    I'm trying to construct an analog delay (series of low pass filters) and demonstrate the properties of a transmission line (reflection, attenuating etc.) using a multisim simulation (my attempt attached below). But on the oscilloscope I don't get any kind of reflection. What should I do...
  41. A

    Future of Analog in Amateur Radio

    I know that the trend in commercial radio is towards digital. Suppose we go to all digital radio. My question is specifically about amateur radio. Will it still be legally possible for HAMs to operate analog radio systems? Any indications at all from the FCC or similar bodies outside the USA on...
  42. G

    Where to Find Solved Analog Electronics Problems Online?

    Homework Statement Where I can find detailed solutions of problems for Analog Electronics course from this site: http://leachlegacy.ece.gatech.edu/ece3050/ ? Particularly, problems in the section Homework Problems, and also in other sections where problems are not explained in detail. I...
  43. adamaero

    Engineering Analog electronics (BJT circuit analysis)

    Homework Statement For beta = 100 and assuming ro is very large, what is the DC voltage at the collector? Homework Equations IB = IE(β+1) IC = β*IB The Attempt at a Solution Since IE = 0.5mA, IB = 0.0505 A Then, IC = 5.05 A (which doesn't feel right) VC is the same potential across the 30kΩ...
  44. G

    Analog Electrical Engineer Explores Physics & Astrophysics

    I am an analog electrical engineer by trade engaged in self teaching myself Analysis / Particle Physics and Astrophysics for the last couple of years. I have worked in the computer graphics field for almost 30 years, ranging from hardware / chip design / device drivers and compilers with 30...
  45. J

    How to implement a sinewave oscillator

    Hi, I was wondering on how to implement a sinewave oscillator with a variabke frequency from 20hz to 20khz. What types of circuits are there to do this and what sort of parameters would affect the frequency range? Thanks
  46. K

    Changing circuitry of analog computer *During* simulations?

    I am wondering whether it would be possible for the analog circuitry itself to change DURING the time an analog computer does computations. Over and above the above mentioned question, is it possible that the circuitry itself can change DURING simulations, while this change in the circuitry is...
  47. M

    What is the uncertainty in 5.00mm measured by analog device?

    Homework Statement What is the uncertainty in 5.00mm measured by an analog device? Homework Equations No equations, Uncertainty and error analysis question The Attempt at a Solution I know that the uncertainty is half the smallest division but i can't figure out what is the uncertainty and...
  48. adamaero

    Easy transistor question: NPN--the corresponding change?

    Homework Statement Given: an npn transistor having VBE = 0.76V for a collector current of 10mA at T=350 K (n=1) Find the corresponding collector current for VBE = 0.70V 2. Relevant questions a) Wouldn't that temperature be way to high for the transistor to act normally?? I mean 350K is 170F...
  49. adamaero

    Predicting AC open-loop gain for an internally compensated op-amp

    Homework Statement An internally compensated op amp has a DC open-loop gain of 1,000,000 (V/V) and an ac open-loop gain of 40dB at 10kHz. Provide the expected gain in dB at 1kHz... Homework Equations Please help, I don't know what to use for an exact answer. The Attempt at a Solution Beyond...
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