What is Electrical & electronic enging: Definition and 49 Discussions

Electrical engineering is an engineering discipline concerned with the study, design and application of equipment, devices and systems which use electricity, electronics, and electromagnetism. It emerged as an identifiable occupation in the latter half of the 19th century after commercialization of the electric telegraph, the telephone, and electrical power generation, distribution and use.
Electrical engineering is now divided into a wide range of different fields, including computer engineering, systems engineering, power engineering, telecommunications, radio-frequency engineering, signal processing, instrumentation, electronics, and optics and photonics. Many of these disciplines overlap with other engineering branches, spanning a huge number of specializations including hardware engineering, power electronics, electromagnetics and waves, microwave engineering, nanotechnology, electrochemistry, renewable energies, mechatronics, and electrical materials science.Electrical engineers typically hold a degree in electrical engineering or electronic engineering. Practising engineers may have professional certification and be members of a professional body or an international standards organization. These include the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and the Institution of Engineering and Technology (IET) (formerly the IEE).
Electrical engineers work in a very wide range of industries and the skills required are likewise variable. These range from circuit theory to the management skills of a project manager. The tools and equipment that an individual engineer may need are similarly variable, ranging from a simple voltmeter to sophisticated design and manufacturing software.

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  1. S

    Engineering Signal and Systems: Verify the impulse response of this system

    Verify that the impulse response of this system is ##h(t) = e^{-2t}u(t)## for the following system $$\frac{dy(t)}{dt} + 2y(t) = x(t)$$ So this is what I did first, $$ \begin{align} \frac{dh(t)}{dt} + 2h(t) &= \delta (t) \\ \frac{d}{dt}e^{-2t}u(t) + 2e^{-2t}u(t) &= \delta (t) \\ -2e^{-2t}u(t) +...
  2. S

    Engineering Signals and Systems: Determine the convolution of x(t) and h(t)

    So, the convolution of two signals is described as follows: $$ \int_{-\infty}^{\infty} x(\tau)h(t-\tau) \, d\tau $$ The figure shows the given signals. Now, as described in the convolution integral, I transformed ##h(t)## to ##h(-\tau)## by flipping the signal horizontally. So, now I have an...
  3. T

    Studying Critique My Self-Study Schedule (Signal Processing & RF Electronics)

    Hello everybody. I have already graduated I am currently in training at work which I am required to finish intensive courses. So I will start when it's completed. My interests are in Signal Processing & RF Electronics which you could tell by the study plan I created. I will be taking a slow...
  4. Retcon_1

    Engineering Finding the Armature Resistance from winding/coil resistance

    I'm struggling to find the exact way to do this and think that I am overthinking the equation, all of my lesson notes tend to explain how to find the armature resistance using the back e.m.f and the armature current, we can figure out the armature current but do not have enough information to...
  5. Tone L

    Engineering Plotting a Guassian FWHM = 1 ns

    Simply plugging this into software like MATLAB will present a solid guassian distrubution. However, my doubt comes from selecting the correct sigma. t = - 10 ns to + 10 ns ##\sigma## = 0.1 ns This produces a plot like so,
  6. cwill53

    Programs Double Major in Electrical Engineering and Physics?

    I’m a freshman in undergrad and I currently attend the University of Illinois at Chicago. I major in electrical engineering but I have an extremely strong interest in physics, chemistry, and materials science. UIC doesn’t have a materials science program, but George Crabtree, a highly cited...
  7. garthenar

    Fixing Error: (vlog-7) Failed to Open Design Unit File

    Homework Statement:: None. This is part of implementing a project and not an actual question. It's a technical problem or equipment failure. Relevant Equations:: The Code I get is; Error: (vlog-7) Failed to open design unit file "Waveform.vwf.vt" in read mode. [Mentor Note -- moved to the...
  8. D

    I have an op amp that does not tolerate signals below ground

    I have a lm224 operational amplifier that does not tolerate signals below ground. What operational amplifier tolerates signals below ground?
  9. A

    Engineering Need help with a linear circuit problem

    Attached is my work for the voltages, and the problem itself.
  10. D

    How to create device that makes electrical discharge

    How do I build a device that creates An electrical discharge between wires? I can build an oscillator. Do I Connect an oscillator to a transformer and connect the transformer to a pair of wires?
  11. Eucliwood

    Why does the voltage across a capacitor start from zero and then start rising?

    I suspect that at first the electrons on the other side of the plate in the capacitors are pushed to the light bulb that is the plate becomes more positive to compensate for the increase of electron on the other plate. Was this right? And can anyone refer me to a study or law regarding it?
  12. E

    Why is the band gap in alloys such as GaAs less?

    In pure crystals,such as,in silicon and germanium,the band gap is more than that in compound semiconductors,such as,GaAs.Why is that so.
  13. G

    Courses Electrical Engineering: what study path would be better?

    Hey guys! So basically I'm still finding hard to decide what my specialization field should be next year. I'm really torn between a major in Electronics with a minor in Power Systems with some programming additional courses OR major in Power Systems with minor in Electronics. My favourite...
  14. D

    Photosensor-Brake System for a Small Plastic Car

    Hello, I am attempting to expand my physical understanding of some engineering principles I’ve learned during my first semester of ChemE. I am making a small plastic car that will be propelled with a weak fan. I am attempting something similar to a ChemE project car. Is there a way I can use a...
  15. PaxFinnica96

    Tank Change in Flow Process Modeling

    Hi All, I'm really struggling with the below question - I'm not sure if I've taken the correct approach to determining the model as there may be an easier way to do this? Any help in much appreciated, please let me know if I have submitted this template correctly as this if my first time...
  16. Jason-Li

    Insertion Loss of a T-Network

    Homework Statement Calculate the insertion loss of the T-network given the values: Rs = 75Ω Rl = 100Ω Ra = 13Ω Rb = 13Ω Rc = 213Ω The transmission matrix and Network are below: 2. Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution Constructing the matrix: A = 1+Ra/Rc = 1+13/213 = 1.061 B...
  17. Jason-Li

    Transmission Line Coefficients & Definitions

    Homework Statement (a) State what is meant by a ‘distortionless’ and a ‘lossless’ transmission line.(b) A transmission line has the primary coefficients as given below. Determine the line’s secondary coefficients Zo, α and β at a frequency of 1 GHz. R = 2 Ω/m L = 8 nH/m G=0.5 mS/m C=0.23...
  18. Jason-Li

    415V to 11kV Transformer Voltage % regulation

    1. Homework Statement A 415V to 11 kV transformer has a rating of 200 kVA. The winding resistance and leakage reactance when referred to the primary are 0.014 Ω and 0.057 Ω respectively. (a) Determine the % regulation of the transformer at 0.8 power factor lagging. (b) In designing a...
  19. Jason-Li

    Harmonic waves - Fundamental voltages

    Homework Statement An ac voltage, comprises of a fundamental voltage of 100 Vrms at a frequency of 120 Hz, a 3rd harmonic which is 20% of the fundamental, a 5th harmonic which is 10% of the fundamental and at a phase angle of 1.2 radians lagging. (i) Write down an expression for the voltage...
  20. Jason-Li

    Parallel Capacitance - Power Factor Question

    Homework Statement A 50 kW load operates from a 60 Hz 10 kV rms line with a power factor of 60% lagging. Determine the capacitance that must be placed in parallel with the load to achieve a 90% lagging power factor. The Attempt at a Solution For Z at 0.6pf S=P/pf = 50000/0.6 = 83333.33VA I =...
  21. E

    Voltage drop in the internal resistance of a voltage source

    In this circuit,first there will be voltage drop in the internal resistance of the voltage source.Mostly,the voltage source is assumed ideal in circuits,however,here a practical voltage source is assumed. So,there will be voltage drop in the internal resistance of the voltage source which will...
  22. akaliuseheal

    Use of 4 floating current sources

    Homework Statement I have 4 resistive sensors thus I need to tie 4 floating current sources. Floating current source will give me output voltage linear to the resistance of a sensor. I know it is not the best solution but it is good enough. Image provided: Homework Equations None The Attempt...
  23. R

    Programs Affordable online MSECE programs

    Does anyone know of a reputable ranked university that offers an online MSECE degree for $1200 to $1500 a class rather than the typical $3000 + a class? I am starting to think that the only way to get an MSECE degree is to bite the bullet and pay through the nose but I am hoping that there are...
  24. Q

    Engineering Course Choice: Robotics, ML, Adaptive Signal Processing

    I wasn't sure if I should post this here or academic guidance but given the career factor in this question I will post it here: I am doing a masters in electrical engineering with a focus on signal processing but I am also interested in others areas such as machine learning and robotics. I need...
  25. R

    Schools Germany - Masters EE/mathematics/physics online

    Hello Everyone, So I have been looking for some time now to find an online program in EE/mathematics/physics. There are a number of programs I have found (purdue, johns hopkins, etc) but the prices are absolutly staggering. I have paid my dues to the student loan machine with my BS degree in...
  26. H

    Calculating Resistance - Electrical Circuits & Networks

    Hello! I've took a course about Electrical circuits and Networks at the university, and i found out a problem which is uploaded by my professor, and i think he made a mistake! this is the solution i think that the equivalent resistances are wrong (beside Rab), for example if you look at...
  27. Jhon Paul

    How to Configure a Power System for High Current and Low Voltage Demands?

    I have to configure a power system for a furnace which demands very high current of the order of 50KAmps with low voltage of the order of 100 volts. Can anyone help me to get insight into how to configure the power system in boarder way. I am planning to use a transformer with thyristors .
  28. Abdul Wali

    Disadvantages of unnecessary increase in PID gain

    hi, I read somewhere that if we increase the PID gains unnecessarily, it will cause more energy consumption of the controller and it will lead to noise and distortion in the practical. May someone please give me more explanation on this?? that how it lead to noise or distortion in practical??
  29. C

    Purely Inductive Circuit -- Mathematical proof for current lag

    how we can mathematically prove that in a purely inductive circuit current lags behind voltage by a phase angle of π/2?
  30. Abdul Wali

    Time Delay Margin: Good Large or Small?

    I have a question regarding the time delay margin. I know the definition of time delay margin now I want to know that for the stability of the system is it good to have large time delay margin or small time delay margin?
  31. Abdul Wali

    MATLAB Matlab Derivative block analysis and filter design

    Hi, May someone helps me regarding this!? i have a controller which will control AC motor as attached. in this controller, a stage comes where I need to use a Derivative Block before point 'B' as shown in the attached picture " controller block diagram" [...
  32. Abdul Wali

    Model AC Servomotor with Dynamic Load Torque

    Hi, i want to model an AC Servomotor where i assume that a dynamic load is attached to the shaft of AC Servomotor. the paper that i have attached to this post has ac servomotor model running without load that's why in equation 5 TL(s) (the load torque)=0 . Now i want to include TL(s) in the...
  33. kos

    What will happen if I wrap the router in metalic foil

    What is going to happen if I enclose the whole router with the antenna in a metalic ( aluminium ) foil as it emits signal ? Don't ask me why ? Just as a crazy experiment. It looks like a microwave oven case but I'm not absouloutly sure ?
  34. A

    Resonant Frequency and Transfer Functions

    Suppose I have some sort of a filter, whose transfer function is given by H(w), where w is the angular frequency of the input signal in radians per second. I want to know the maximum value of the transfer function. If I solve for the resonant frequency w0, which from my understanding is the...
  35. Wrichik Basu

    Engineering Good books in Electrical Engineering

    I have great interest in electricals, and in working with circuits, multimeters and the like. Can anyone recommend good books in electricals that covers topics to the depth and can be used as a self study book? I want to learn theory and basics first before going into practical knowledge.
  36. L

    Voltage across two different circuits

    I have a question regarding the voltage of two different circuits. In the first circuit there is a 75 volt battery with just one 4 ohm resistor. In a separate second circuit there is a 75 volt battery again, but this time there is a 4 ohm resistor and 9 ohm resistor in series. My question is...
  37. Bassa

    Initial Voltage in an RC circuit with a Current Source and no Voltage Source

    Homework Statement [/B] Derive an expression for vc(t) in the circuit of Figure P4.13 and sketch vc(t) to scale versus. I attached a screen shot of the circuit for this problem. time. Homework Equations V = IR V = V0exp(-t/tau) The Attempt at a Solution [/B] I am trying to find the...
  38. Jayalk97

    Engineering Converting to a circuit's Thevenin equivalent?

    Homework Statement Homework Equations Finding the Thevenin equivalent? The Attempt at a Solution I found the thevenin resistance to be 185/47 ohms, which came out to be correct. I've been struggling with this question all day. I ended up attempting to find the norton equivalent and then...
  39. A

    Clarifying the Confusion: Op Amp Gain in Non-Inverting Amplifier Circuits

    According to my professor's model answer for an assignment, when we derive the transfer function of an op amp circuit, we have a "K" value, which is the open loop gain of the op amp (I am not 100% certain), multiplied to the op amp circuit (1+R1/R2 for non-inverting amplifier for example). I...
  40. T

    Even and odd parity detector with active high/low inputs

    Homework Statement Using a single 74x138, build a 3-bit, active-low, odd-parity detector. (Y0-Y7 are selected by "b2 b1 b0" in binary. Also the nibble "0 0 0" is considered even parity) You may use one NOR gate and one NAND gate, with arbitrary fan-in(>1). Label input variables "I2 I1 I0" and...
  41. adamaero

    Predicting AC open-loop gain for an internally compensated op-amp

    Homework Statement An internally compensated op amp has a DC open-loop gain of 1,000,000 (V/V) and an ac open-loop gain of 40dB at 10kHz. Provide the expected gain in dB at 1kHz... Homework Equations Please help, I don't know what to use for an exact answer. The Attempt at a Solution Beyond...
  42. M

    Masters options for electrical engineering?

    I graduated with a B.E.E. last year, took some time off now i am planning to pursue a masters degree in engineering. i did graduate with a decent grade but i did not enjoy studying electrical engineering at all. my aptitude is more towards management and arts. are there any masters options in...
  43. A

    CNT electrode CCTO dielectric supercapacitors?

    Will the high surface area of carbon nanotubes and high dielectric constant of calcium copper titanate be used together in supercapacitors?
  44. T

    Second Order Transfer Function Question regarding Overshoot

    Homework Statement If I have a closed loop second order transfer function such as: $$\frac{10-s}{0.3s^2+3.1s+(1+24K_{C})}$$ Can I still use this formula for overshoot (when a step input is applied) ?: $$\frac{A}{B}=e^{\frac{-\pi \zeta}{\sqrt{1-\zeta^2}}}$$ Where B is the step input size I...
  45. P

    Determine electron density with impurites

    Homework Statement Let’s introduce an imaginary atom which can replace the silicon atom and generate one mobile electron. What is electron density when all silicon atoms are replaced by this imaginary atom Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution I have tried looking for a formula to...
  46. P

    Electron Density when Introducing Impurites

    How do you go about calculating electron densities, especially when impurities are involved?
  47. A

    Engineering What career options can I expect as an Electrical Engineer?

    Hello everyone! =) I am currently a 3rd year Electrical Engineering student at a decent university, and am working towards a BSEE degree with what is currently a 3.8+ cumulative GPA. I have worked here as a paid research assistant and as a teaching assistant (an ECE lab course) for my...
  48. S

    Electrical Design engineer or Electrical site engineer?

    hello guys... i m confused about my carreer, should i go for electrical design engineer or elctrical site engineer? which one is better for me?... and how can i get started? i recently did my Bachelor of elctrical engineering..than
  49. M

    How hard is 3rd year in Electrical & Electronic Engineering?

    sup guys im currently year 2 studying electrical & electronic engineering. Next year we had to choose modules where it was split equally between magnetics(mainly covered with waves, optoelectronıcs, nano technology and like magnetic materials etc), power(renewable, machine power, a bit of...
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