What is Cars: Definition and 434 Discussions

A car (or automobile) is a wheeled motor vehicle used for transportation. Most definitions of cars say that they run primarily on roads, seat one to eight people, have four wheels, and mainly transport people rather than goods.Cars came into global use during the 20th century, and developed economies depend on them. The year 1886 is regarded as the birth year of the modern car when German inventor Karl Benz patented his Benz Patent-Motorwagen. Cars became widely available in the early 20th century. One of the first cars accessible to the masses was the 1908 Model T, an American car manufactured by the Ford Motor Company. Cars were rapidly adopted in the US, where they replaced animal-drawn carriages and carts, but took much longer to be accepted in Western Europe and other parts of the world.Cars have controls for driving, parking, passenger comfort, and a variety of lights. Over the decades, additional features and controls have been added to vehicles, making them progressively more complex, but also more reliable and easier to operate. These include rear-reversing cameras, air conditioning, navigation systems, and in-car entertainment. Most cars in use in the early 2020s are propelled by an internal combustion engine, fueled by the combustion of fossil fuels. Electric cars, which were invented early in the history of the car, became commercially available in the 2000s and are predicted to cost less to buy than gasoline cars before 2025. The transition from fossil fuels to electric cars features prominently in most climate change mitigation scenarios, such as Project Drawdown's 100 actionable solutions for climate change.There are costs and benefits to car use. The costs to the individual include acquiring the vehicle, interest payments (if the car is financed), repairs and maintenance, fuel, depreciation, driving time, parking fees, taxes, and insurance. The costs to society include maintaining roads, land use, road congestion, air pollution, public health, healthcare, and disposing of the vehicle at the end of its life. Traffic collisions are the largest cause of injury-related deaths worldwide.Personal benefits include on-demand transportation, mobility, independence, and convenience. Societal benefits include economic benefits, such as job and wealth creation from the automotive industry, transportation provision, societal well-being from leisure and travel opportunities, and revenue generation from taxes. People's ability to move flexibly from place to place has far-reaching implications for the nature of societies. There are around 1 billion cars in use worldwide. Car usage is increasing rapidly, especially in China, India and other newly industrialized countries.

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  1. L

    Will these two cars collide?

    Homework Statement You're speeding at 85 km/h when you notice that you're only 10m behind the car in front of you, which is moving at the legal speed limit of 60 km/h. You slam on your brakes, and your car decelerates at 4.2 m/s^2. Assuming the car in front of you continues at constant...
  2. V

    Maximum tension between train cars, F=ma

    Homework Statement A locomotive (6.4 × 10^5 kg) is used to pull two railway cars (Figure 11). Railway car 1 (5.0 × 10^5 kg) is attached to railway car 2 (3.6 × 10^ kg) by a locking mechanism. A railway engineer tests the mechanism and estimates that it can only withstand 2.0 × 10^5 N of...
  3. H

    How many cars can pass thru a road in time t ?

    Say cars are waiting on the lights to turn green. how many cars of dimension l,b can pass thru a road of width d in time t ? Another parameter can speed of the car s, also shape of the road whether its straight or curved I need a formula. I'm rusty with maths. Not sure if this is easy or...
  4. I

    Wireless communication between cars

    I search after information about who the car can communicate with others cars and protocols for this? I know that these subjects are new so they are several start ups and labs in the universities that research these areas and I will glad to know about them. I will glad if you can help me to...
  5. R

    Minimum coefficient of friction to keep cars from sliding off the road

    A banked circular highway curve is designed for traffic moving at 61 km/h. The radius of the curve is 201 m. Traffic is moving along the highway at 44 km/h on a rainy day. What is the minimum coefficient of friction between tires and road that will allow cars to take the turn without sliding off...
  6. C

    When and where do the cars meet?

    Homework Statement Two traffic lights are 100m apart. Light 1 being due west from light 2. Car 1 is moving east at a constant speed of 25m/s. When car 1 passes light 1, car 2 starts from rest, west at a constant acceleration of 2.0 m/s². Where do they pass and how long after the light changes...
  7. I

    Technologies or devices or knowledge for cars in specifics subjects

    I do a small theoretical project, in this project I need to investigate some technologies or devices or knowledge that must to be related to cars or to futures cars or cars industry, it can be all the kinds of cars, not only private car, it can be also buses, tractors, trucks or all others kinds...
  8. R

    What's the purpose of havin large tyres in cars

    I've seen that in movies,cars with large tires . What's the purpose of this. Is it used for increasing the speed or the Torque ? With bigger tyres,I found analytically that both parameter would be increased. But would that not violate conservation of energy. Please point my mistake and furnish...
  9. A

    Three same-mass freight cars, why force on each is not same ?

    assuming the force F is exerted on car C and nearest to C is car B and remaining one is A. \vec{F}_{A} is total sum of all (interbody-) forces on car A . similarly \vec{F}_{B} and \vec{F}_{C} are defined. assuming the forces that the question asks is \vec{F}_{A},\vec{F}_{B} and \vec{F}_{C}...
  10. H

    How Fast is the Other Car Going Relative to You?

    Homework Statement Your car is going 78 mph on the freeway. Another car is going 58 mph in the opposite direction. How fast is the person in the other car going, relative to you? Homework Equations Your Car's Speed: 78 mph --> Another Car's Speed: <-- 58 mph The Attempt at a...
  11. R

    Application of superconductive motors to electric cars

    At the moment, I believe the fastest electric car is made by Shelby Super Cars and it can go at a top speed of 208 mph. Are there any estimates around predicting how fast electric cars will be once companies start using superconductive motors?
  12. M

    What is the acceleration of the blue car once the brakes are applied?

    Homework Statement Two cars start from rest at a red stop light. When the light turns green, both cars accelerate forward. The blue car accelerates uniformly at a rate of 4.2 m/s2 for 3.2 seconds. It then continues at a constant speed for 13.2 seconds, before applying the brakes such that the...
  13. U

    Automotive Some ideas for a CO2 emission reduction device to be attached to cars

    Hi, I and my team-mate have proposed an idea to develop a CO2 emission reduction device to be installed in automobiles. We have mentioned that it will operate on the principle of 'active adsorption of CO2 on charcoal'. However, although the basic scientific principle is pretty simple...
  14. T

    Automotive External mechanical drive for cars and trucks

    Hi everybody! I've been toying around with ideas for using electricity to propel any type of vehicle - gasoline, diesel, hybrid, or electric. The problem is I am not a Mechanical Engineer. So I'm wondering if anybody can tell me whether a drive system like this may be designed to be practical...
  15. M

    Suvat - Two cars approach each other on a straight road

    Suvat -- Two cars approach each other on a straight road Homework Statement Two cars approach each other on a straight road. Car A is moving at 16m/s and car B at 8m/s. When they are 45m apart both drivers apply their brakes. Car A slows down at a rate of 2m/s^2 while car B slows down at...
  16. H

    Why do parked cars emit doppler shifted sounds when you drive by them?

    Hello, This one has been bugging me for a while. When you drive a car past parked cars that are somewhat close, with the window down, there is a rhythmic whooshing sound. This sounds very much like numerous dopplershifts, but I have difficulty seeing it as a doppler shift because the parked...
  17. C

    Lean Burn in Cars: What Happens & Why Hotter?

    What happens when there is lean burn in a combustion engine? Does the reaction complete quicker? Is that why it is hotter?
  18. H

    Can Electric Cars Convert Kinetic Energy Back into Electrical Energy?

    Just out of curiosity, electric cars produce movement through converting electrical energy into kinetic via magnetic field and magnets, etc; would it not be possible to convert the kinetic energy back into electrical energy while the car is moving. I know the Law of Conservation of Energy says...
  19. T

    How Do Cars A and B Interact on a Position-Time Graph?

    Homework Statement Two cars, A and B, move along the x-axis. Figure 2.39 is a graph of the positions of A and B versus time. (a) In motion diagrams (like Fig 2.13b and Fig 2.14b), show the position, velocity, and acceleration of each of the two cars at t=0, t=1s, and t=3s. (b) At what time(s)...
  20. D

    I want to design electric cars.

    Hey guys, this is my second time writing this first time browser crashed and lost it all I hate it when that happens. Anyways I will make this one shorter. My name is Tom, dropped out of formal school in 7th grade due to family troubles, got my GED recently I am 28. I live in Las Vegas...
  21. E

    Probability distribution of the time interval between two cars

    Hello, I am trying to solve the following problem from Sethna's book on statistical mechanics (not homework). On a Highway, the probability of a car passing in some interval dt is \frac{dt}{\tau}; \tau=5min. what is the probability distribution of time intervals \Delta between two...
  22. W

    Capacitors in Cars: What Parts & Types?

    Hi! Does anyone know which parts of an automobile would require the use of capacitors? Also, what kinds of capacitors are used in this case? (aluminum, tantalum, ceramic, ??) Many thanks!
  23. Chemicist

    If Cars Had Magnets: What Would Happen?

    Hypothetically, if two cars had large electromagnets with like-magnetic poles, would they repel if accelerated toward each other at a high rate of speed? Just one of those thoughts you randomly make up in your head.
  24. T

    Topic: Motion Analysis of Passing Cars with Fixed Power and Variable Force

    Hey there! I was hoping to get some help on this question, I am not quite sure what I am suppose to do! :( Question: Consider the problem of the passing of one car by another. Assume that one car is moving at constant velocity, and the second car, the passer, has an initial velocity less then...
  25. P

    Automotive How rear axle turns? (in cars)

    in cars front axle turns by diffrential but how rear axle turns it is possible wite pure rolling?
  26. P

    Two train cars being coupled on tracks

    3. Two train cars are to be coupled on the tracks. One of the cars, say A is initially at rest. The other car, say B is traveling at a speed v toward A: Car B is empty, whilst car A is full of pig iron and has a mass of 102mB: After coupling, the two cars travel a distance of 20 meters before...
  27. R

    Can a Wind Turbine Power Cars for Extended Travel?

    I have read some of the responses to the question of why a wind turbine would not be a useful source of energy for a car. Why could it not be used as a supplemental source to extend travel?
  28. F

    Magnitude of cars acceleration

    A car is traveling counterclockwise along a circular bend in the road with an effective radius of 180 m. At a certain instant, the car’s speed is 26 m/s, but it is slowing down at a rate of 1.0 m/s2. What is the magnitude of the car’s acceleration? I thought it was v^2/r but that isn't the...
  29. D

    Momentum and kinetic energy of collision between two identical railroad cars

    Homework Statement A railroad car with a mass of 5.0x10^5kg collides with a stationary railroad car of equal mass. After the collision, the two cars lock together and move off at 4.0m/s. a) Before the collision, the first railroad car was moving at 8.0 m/s. What was its momentum? b)...
  30. H

    Automotive GM Volt / Vauxhall Ampera and series hyrbrid cars

    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chevrolet_Volt In this series hybrid, engine and generator charge the battery and battery powers the motor, and can be made with components already available. The Ampera is claimed to do 175mpg (vs 40mpg on my current car). So I wonder why there aren't more cars...
  31. R

    Dirt Streaking on Cars: Causes & Solutions

    On a dirty car that's been traveling at a reasonably fast speed (I'm guessing at 50mph+) there is always dirt accumulation on the rear door rear edge, adjacent to the gap between the door and the bodywork. The accumulation is always on the upstream side of the gap i.e. on the door side of the...
  32. T

    How could you improve waste heat recovery systems in cars coolants.

    What are the possibilities of using a waste heat recovery systems in the coolants of cars? Why is it not being done yet and how can it be improved?
  33. P

    Physics of Cars: Steering, Oversteer, Understeer, & Braking

    1) when we steer a car, the front wheels point to the direction we steered in. why does steering change a car's velocity? does it have something to do with the angular velocity, momentum, or even torque? -i tried to think of the individual forces that act on each wheel, and all i have is...
  34. P

    Collision of Two Cars: Time, Distance & Speed

    1.Two stunt drivers drive directly toward each other. At time, t=0, the two cars are a distance 85.0 m apart, car 1 is at rest, and car 2 is driving towards car 1 at speed 13.8 m/s. Car 1 begins to move towards car 2 at t=0, speeding-up with constant acceleration 3.52 m/s^2. Car 2 continues to...
  35. D

    Writing Vector Equations for positions of toy cars in the form r=a+tb ?

    Homework Statement For the following remote controlled toy cars, write vector equations for their positions in the form r=a+tb (a=initial position vector, b=velocity vector, r= position vector at any time t sec, distances in cm) d. the car is traveling at 15cm/s in the direction 3i+4j...
  36. A

    Manual or Automatic cars accelerate faster?

    We have a long debate on which transmission can accelerate faster. My idea is manual and I drive a manual, and I could pass other AT car (same capacity) quite easily. But some say automatic because the auto shift is very short. How about your idea?
  37. rhody

    Sticky goo disables more than 100 cars in Pa

    First, we have "Zoombie Apocolypse" by Flex. I thought I would add to the fray. You can't make this stuff up, really, you can't. http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-201_162-57330270/sticky-goo-disables-more-than-100-cars-in-pa/: This story has all the feel of a Reality TV Show run amok (excuse...
  38. O

    Collision of Cars on Road: Inelastic or Elastic?

    hi experts Is collison of cars on road an inelastic collision? because friction force is present - please help me in this regard.
  39. B

    Newton's Three Law's on Cars, Bicycles, Objects

    Homework Statement Indicate whether the following statements are always true or can be false. A) If two objects are under the influence of equal forces, they have the same acceleration. B) In order not to slow down, a motorcycle moving at a constant velocity needs a small net force applied...
  40. X

    Finding constant velocity,final velocity and acceleration of these cars?

    Homework Statement Two cars go the same distance in a straight line. Car A covers the distance at a constant velocity. Car B starts from rest and maintains a constant acceleration. Both cars cover a distance of 517 m in 215 and are moving in the + direction. Whats the constant velocity of car...
  41. S

    Does 1 car hitting a wall at 120mph = 2 cars colliding, each going 60mph?

    I've been searching around the internet and there doesn't seem to be a straight answer for this. People just spit out an answer and don't back it up with any explanation. This is a complex situation in real life, so let's assume both cars are of the same mass and simplify the scenario by...
  42. M

    Two cars at same speed, one passes the other

    Homework Statement This question has gotten me stuck. I translated it from french to english so pardon that... I just get lost when you include two objects in physics. A car and a truck move initially in the same direction at 20 m / s, the truck with 38m ahead. The car accelerates at a...
  43. rootX

    News Is poor city planning contributing to the need for banning cars in metro-cities?

    Would it be better if cars are banned in the metro-cities? This would reduce all traffic problems, pollution problems, and excessive use of gas in the big cities, *1. There can be designated parking spaces outside the cities accessible through public transit so that people can commute outside...
  44. G

    What caused the collision between Amy's Perodua Myvi and the Honda Insight?

    Amy was traveling East with Perodua Myvi 1.3 when she entered the fateful intersection. When she reached the center of the intersection, her car was struck by the other car, Honda Insight which was traveling South. Her car skidded 15m and the Honda Insight skidded 30m after the collision. The...
  45. K

    Vortex Generator for Performance Cars

    Hi Physics Guys, I'm not a physics guy myself but some google searching lead me to this site so I signed up so I could ask a question. I'm into amateur motor sport and I'm currently driving a 1999 Subaru WRX. Anyway I'm always looking out for anything that will increase it's performance...
  46. M

    Energy Loss in Head on Collision of Two Cars w/Same Speed and Mass

    Homework Statement Two railroad cars, each with a mass of 7,000kg and traveling at 90 km/h collide head on and come to rest. How much mechanical energy is lost in this collision? Homework Equations KE=\frac{1}{2}mv^2 The Attempt at a Solution...
  47. A

    Use of wind powered turbine in cars ?

    use of wind powered turbine in cars ?? helloo.. I'm just thinking to build an wind turbine powered car using with electric motor like an hybrid car .. there are certain question arises in my mind are .. that the use of turbine as a source of energy will be efficient or just theoritical concept...
  48. nukeman

    Having trouble calculating Radial and Tangential aspects of a cars acceleration

    Having trouble calculating Radial and Tangential aspects of a cars acceleration...! Homework Statement Here, I will just post the question as an image. Never mind the one where I have to sketch, but b and c I am having trouble with. How do you calculate the radial and tangential...
  49. N

    Calculating the difference in force between crumple zone cars and bull bar car

    I want to calculate the difference in force between a car with a bull bar an a car with crumple zones hitting a pedestrian. Assume that when the car with bull bar collides with pedestrian, the transfer of velocity is completely transferred Known variables: Cars speed: 60kmph ; (16.67 m/s)...
  50. T

    Consider two cars one a chevy, one a Ford. The Chevy is speeding along

    Consider two cars one a chevy, one a Ford. The Chevy is speeding along at 50m/s (mph) and the Ford is going half the speed at 30m/s. If the two cars brake to a stop with the same constant acceleration, are either the amount of time required to come to a stop, or the distance traveled prior to...
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