What is Wheel: Definition and 864 Discussions

In its primitive form, a wheel is a circular block of a hard and durable material at whose center has been bored a hole through which is placed an axle bearing about which the wheel rotates when torque is applied to the wheel about its axis. The wheel and axle assembly can be considered one of the six simple machines. When placed vertically under a load-bearing platform or case, the wheel turning on the horizontal axle makes it possible to transport heavy loads. This arrangement is the main topic of this article, but there are many other applications of a wheel addressed in the corresponding articles: when placed horizontally, the wheel turning on its vertical axle provides the spinning motion used to shape materials (e.g. a potter's wheel); when mounted on a column connected to a rudder or to the steering mechanism of a wheeled vehicle, it can be used to control the direction of a vessel or vehicle (e.g. a ship's wheel or steering wheel); when connected to a crank or engine, a wheel can store, release, or transmit energy (e.g. the flywheel). A wheel and axle with force applied to create torque at one radius can translate this to a different force at a different radius, also with a different linear velocity.

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  1. A

    Moment of inertia of a wheel: linear to angular motion

    Homework Statement You are asked to measure the moment of inertia of a large wheel for rotation about an axis perpendicular to the wheel at its center. You measure the diameter of the wheel to be 0.600 m. Then you mount the wheel on frictionless bearings on a horizontal frictionless axle at...
  2. Rx7man

    Detecting Missing Teeth on a 60-1 Encoder Wheel with an Arduino

    I am at a bit of a loss at how to deal with the logic of a 60-1 or 60-2 (60 tooth wheel missing 1 or 2 teeth as an indicator of position) read by a VR sensor. I'm currently employing an Arduino, though later I may change platform.. I can have the sensor on an interrupt, but how do I detect...
  3. S

    Solving Gearbox Ratio for 12" Wheel Travel @ 2mph

    I need to figure out a gearbox ratio to get a 12 inch wheel to travel at 2mph. If I remember right the equation should be 1foot * 3.14*gearbox output rpm*60 then all divided by 5280 to get the final mph. Am I on the right path? Then I need a gearbox output around 58rpm. Thanks to all of...
  4. R

    What is the standard for wheel rim sizes and offsets in electric vehicles?

    Hi, I am designing a BLDC hub motor for an electric buggy/light vehicle. The wheels are sized as 13" (total outer diameter), 3" wide. A standard 8" wheel rim should fit in well, width of the rim would be 2.10". Are there any standards for rims dimensions: The contact area between rim and tire...
  5. onion3000

    Do mecanum wheels move foward and sideways at the same rate?

    Say you have a robot with mecanum wheels and move all the motors forward one rotation, and the robot moves forwards x cm. If you make the robot go sideways where each of the motors moves one rotation, does the robot move sideways x cm as well? Does it depend on the angle of the rollers on the...
  6. L

    Finding Moment of Inertia of a wheel experimentally

    Hello all, and forgive me if I'm making newbie mistakes as I haven't posted here much. I realize this appears to be a homework assignment, but it is not. I am trying to develop an easy method for determining the actual moment of inertia for real wheels, for bicycles and other vehicles. I...
  7. M

    B Does the gravitational force change for a spinning wheel

    When a wheel spins does it generate lift or something, the wheel spins so that the torque force is downwards. for example you measure the weight of the wheel and then you spin then wheel does anything change? The wheel is solid and if their change something does it matter if it is a constant...
  8. M

    How do you calculate the moment of a spinning wheel

    What is the moment of the wheel. Dimensions: r= 1 m h= 5 cm m= 1000kg a = 4120 rad/s2 I used the formula T = I * a The moment of inertia can be calculate by Iz =(1/2)mr2or Ix=Iy= (m/12)* 3r2 +h2) wich one do i need to use?
  9. Jonski

    Velocity of a slider connect to a wheel

    Homework Statement A wheel of radius 42 mm is rolling without slipping and its centre O has a velocity 7.2 m/s in the direction shown. The slider B is driven by the link AB and A is connected to the wheel. If AC= 28.9 mm, AB= 73.9 mm and angle ACB= 73°, what is the velocity of the slider B...
  10. Q

    I Bike going downhill brakes front wheel

    I'm an avid bike rider and a first year physics student. A couple days ago a friend of mine told me about how his friend was going downhill on her bike, used her front brake, and went over. I would like to determine what the minimum speed for a given slope angle is for the biker to do a full...
  11. berkeman

    Automotive Wheel well fender shape -- aesthetics or aerodynamics?

    I've noticed that many later-model sport sedans and some other vehicles have a new shape for their wheel well fenders. The fenders flare from the car body, and end with a several centimeter flat section before the wheel well. It seems to be a feature across several car brands and models, and...
  12. C

    Does a Wheel with Movable Weights Require More Energy to Rotate?

    Good afternoon and thank you all that helped with the other wheel. It did in fact loose energy from the slide as the position once the movement happened, the energy was lost as the leverage was lower once the movemnt happened and therefore not recoverable. Which leads me to this wheel and...
  13. C

    I Energy to turn a shifting mass wheel?

    Good afternoon and thanks for reading. I have been in a discussion with a friend and we are trying to get to the bottom of it. It all started when looking at overbalanced wheels and shifting mass wheels. I know that they will not turn themselves, but do they have a negative torque applying to...
  14. L

    Torque Required to turn a wheel

    Hello, I am trying to figure out how much weight a particular motor/wheel setup can handle. I have an electric motor that puts out 6000ft*lb of torque, and is driving 44" wheels and needs to reach a maximum of 2RPM. Acceleration doesn't really matter so long as the wheels are able to get up to...
  15. S

    How Do You Calculate the Dynamics of a Mass Suspended from a Flywheel?

    Homework Statement A mass of 0.5kg is suspended from a flywheel, if the mass is released from rest and falls a distance of 0.5m in 1.5s calculate: A, the Linear acceleration of the mass B, the angular acceleration of the wheel C, the tension in the rope D, the friction torque. Known...
  16. V

    Domain and Range of a Ferris Wheel: Explanation and Solution

    Homework Statement Ferris wheel has radius of 7m and its highest point is 15.5 m off the ground. It takes 45 seconds to complete one revolution. State the domain and range. Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution I know that the domain is D:{0<=t<=45}s But for the range I thought the...
  17. S

    Pressure of wheel after being pumped

    Homework Statement A wheel has volume 500 cm3 and the initial pressure inside of it is 0.5 atm. The wheel is pumped using a pump having volume 50 cm3. The atmospheric pressure is 76 cmHg and there is no change in temperature. What is the pressure of the wheel after being pumped 4 times...
  18. D

    Car's weight shift with torque & angular momentum

    I am having trouble visualizing which two tires of a car will be pushed down based on the angular momentum and torque of that car. Let's say if its angular momentum is point OUT while its torque is pointing UP in relations to the picture below. My guess is it's the two right wheels of the...
  19. V

    Optimizing Ferris Wheel Height: Solving with Transformed Sine Function

    Homework Statement The Ferris wheel at a carnival has a diameter of 18m and descends to 2m above the ground at its lowest point. Assume that a rider enters a car at this point and rides the wheel for two revolutions (A) model the riders height above the ground vs the angle of rotation...
  20. J

    Calculating wheel torque from engine torque

    Im currently writing a code to find the optimum rpm points to shift gears to maximize acceleration. Thus far I've found the shift points and the rpm's after an upshift, meaning I have my bounds on my rpm vs torque curve. For simplicity's sake I'm assuming and increase of 1000 rpm to take 1...
  21. A

    Angular acceleration of off balance wheel starting from rest

    Homework Statement A 30 kg wheel has a center of mass 0.1 m left from the center of the wheel and radius of gyration KG = 0.15 m. Find the angular acceleration if the wheel is originally at rest. The radius of the wheel is 0.25m. Homework Equations I=mk^2 T=f*d M=I*a Fn acting bottom in Y...
  22. anj

    Automotive Working Back from Wheel Torque to Engine Torque

    Hello All, Is it possible to work back from drive torque at wheel to engine torque? Can it be described with basic equations and is the calculation same between all wheel drive and front wheel drive? Thanks Anj,
  23. V

    Understanding Forces on a Toppling Bicycle Wheel

    Homework Statement A stationary bicycle wheel is placed on its rim on rough ground. It topples over. Sketch a free body diagram for the wheel when it is at an arbitrary angle to the vertical and label the forces. Explain qualitatively what happens to the direction and magnitude of each of the...
  24. S

    Automotive Car Wheel Temp: Brake Rotor & Hub Heat Range

    Considering how hot brake rotors get under hard street and race track braking, what is the typical heat range experienced buy the actual wheel in contact with the rotor and hub?
  25. D

    Angular Velocity and Acceleration

    Homework Statement If a bike wheel rotates 9.4 times while slowing down to a stop from an initial angular velocity of 8.1 rad/s, what is the magnitude of the angular acceleration in rad/s/s Homework Equations α = at / r α = ω / t α = Θ / t^2 ω = Θ / t ω = v / r Θ = ω t + 0.5 α t^2 v final = v...
  26. George_J

    Torque & Inertia calculation for a wheel

    Hello! Before I start I want to apologize for my english and not having a scanner (lol). I'm calculating the torque needed to rotate a wheel* around its own axis from above, ( see the link at the end of post). I have quite an good idea to how I'm supposed to calculate it but I feel that...
  27. U

    Calculating ideal wheel radius for submersible vehicle

    I have an engineering project to do this semester. I'm not going to get into the specifics, but I (and my group) are going to be building a submersible servo-driven vehicle (it is basically driving underwater). The vehicle will be made of 4" PVC piping (thin-walled sewer variant). It must be...
  28. L

    Optimal Width of a rotating wheel

    Given this setup note: i just created arbitrary values if it helps, if not working with variables to find a general solution works fine too I am trying to find what the optimal width(would look like depth in the photo) of the wheel would be to generate the most power. I am stumped on how to...
  29. erashish14

    Electromagnetic Induction Help Requested

    Hi Experts, I'm doing an experiment of Electromagnetic Induction (producing current by changing magnetic field i.e. by circulating magnetic wheel of N52 Neodymium Magnets around copper coil), but what i found when the speed of wheel is HIGH, the Output Current is LOW (in range of .02...
  30. V

    How is power supplied to a Ferris wheel?

    How the wiring is given for giant/ferry wheel as it rotates. I don't belong to electrical fields. Curious to know.
  31. B

    Determining revolutions of a wheel

    Homework Statement The picture to this problem is very basic so I don't think I have to draw one here. It's a picture of a clown juggling on a tightrope. The problem is: If the radius of the wheel on Puncho's unicycle is 0.25 m, and Puncho is riding with a velocity of 10 m/s, how many...
  32. J

    Calculating Net Torque on Wheel Axle

    Homework Statement Calculate the net torque about the axle of the wheel shown in https://jigsaw.vitalsource.com/books/9781269392464/content/id/ch08fig39 . Assume that a friction torque of 0.40 m · N opposes the motion. Where F=18N (in photo). The picture is here...
  33. E

    Estimating Wheel Torque From Engine Torque

    It seems possible to obtain engine torque and RPM from a truck CAN bus. I'd like to estimate tractive force at the wheels given these two values. How should I go about computing torque at the wheels? Wouldn't I need gear ratio, which doesn't seem obtainable from the CAN bus? Do I need to...
  34. R

    Advantages of Three Wheel Boot Strap System Airconditioning

    Hi I want to the advantages of three wheel Bootstrap air-conditioning System over two Wheel system in an air cycle machine used in aircraft environmental control system. Can anyone please help.
  35. L

    Number of wheel rotations relativistic car

    A car has wheels with exactly 1m of circumference and travels at constant relativistic speed with ##\gamma = 2## in an horizontal rectilinear road between two points A and B marked on the road itself and separated from a distance of 8 m, as measured from a frame of refence which is still with...
  36. G

    What if I force a spinning wheel not to precede?

    Hi, If we apply a torque to a spinning wheel such that the torque vector lies in the plane of the wheel, it will precede around the axis perpendicular to the angular momentum and the torque. What happens if the wheel is mounted such that rotation around this axis is absolutely impossible and...
  37. WinterGrascph

    Maximum force pulling a wheel without it slipping

    Homework Statement We have a wheel with [mass = 1.5 kg] and a [radius = 0.06 m]. The static friction thing between the ground and the wheel is 0.3 . WIth how much force can we pull the string spooled around the wheel without the wheel slipping. The string ends at the top of the wheel and we...
  38. B

    Rotation of wheel between two non-slip surfaces

    Homework Statement A certain machine can be modeled as a wheel between two translating bodies. Point P is on the upper translating body and is moving to the left at 6m/s and Point Q is on the lower translating body and is moving to the right at 3 m/s. The radius of the wheel is .3m. Find...
  39. N

    What is the Output Force of a Wheel Axle?

    Homework Statement You apply a force of 17 N to a wheel with a radius of 0.75 m. If the axle has a radius of 6 cm, what is the output force, assuming the machine operates under ideal conditions? Homework EquationsThe Attempt at a Solution I don't even know how to begin to begin this. Help!
  40. C

    Descending mass on rope attached to wheel

    Homework Statement A physics student of mass 57.0 kg is standing at the edge of the flat roof of a building, 12.0 m above the sidewalk. An unfriendly dog is running across the roof toward her. Next to her is a large wheel mounted on a horizontal axle at its center. The wheel, used to lift...
  41. H

    Bicycle wheel rotational motion

    1. Homework Statement A guy is riding a bicycle, and we consider the front wheel, which has mass M, radius R and for the purpose of the moment of inertia can be thought of as a uniform disc. a) When the bike is going with linear speed v, what is the magnitude and direction of the angular...
  42. T

    Friction constant minimizing the duration of vertical motion

    Homework Statement The mass of a car that acts on one wheel is 100 kg. The elasticity (spring) constant in the suspension system of that wheel is k = 10^4N/m. Design the strut (find the friction/resistance constant c) such that any vertical motion of the wheel (set up for example by going over...
  43. N

    Acceleration of a ferris wheel

    Hi everyone I am confused about the acceleration of a ferris wheel undergoing uniform circular motion. By definition, the wheel undergoing uniform circular motion can't have a tangential acceleration, but I am confused as to why. I attached a diagram below to show you what I mean. Could you...
  44. B

    Accelerometer on a rotating wheel- Net force calculation

    Homework Statement I have two analog MEMS accelerometers ADXL337, ADXL377. The ADXL337 can measure acceleration upto +/- 3g (where g = gravitational acceleration) and ADXL377 can measure upto acceleration of +/- 200g. More than this much amount of acceleration, would create noise and random...
  45. SkyblueEagle

    How do I calculate forces acting on bicycle axle?

    Hey everyone, I am trying to figure out how to calculate how much total force is being applied to the wheel axle on a bicycle. I'm focusing on the rear wheel for the moment. For the sake of simplicity, let's say that the bike and rider together weigh 100kg and that 60 percent of that is going...
  46. louie13

    Bicycle Wheel Nut Design: Material Selection and Heat Treatment Considerations

    Hello everyone, I am currently trying to design some custom nuts for my bmx wheel axle but I have a few questions which I thought you guys might be able to help me with. First of all I've created an autodesk inventor model of the flange style nut I want to create but I'm not sure what material...
  47. K

    Wheel attached to a rope falls

    Homework Statement A wheel is made of two hoops, one of radius R and mass ##\frac{2M}{3}## and the inner is of radius R/2 and mass M/3. 1. the wheel rotates around it's axis with angular velocity ω but remains in place. what is it's kinetic energy 2. the wheel rotates without friction at...
  48. T

    Rear wheel drive with separate motors

    I have built a rear wheel electric with two motors one for each rear wheel. The motors have separate controllers and both are controlled by a single throttle. This throttle sets a torque for the motors . In a straight line the torque is the same for each but when cornering the torque setting is...
  49. T

    Why are spokes used in bicycle wheels?

    We were asked a question about why there are spokes in a a bicycle wheel. Our teacher hinted that It was related to moment of inertia. Ok so this kind of a wheel will have a higher moment of inertia than say, a solid disk-like wheel. But how is that useful?
  50. P

    Velocity of point rotating on a wheel as the wheel moves

    Homework Statement So I have to prove that the total velocity of a particle on a wheel is Vcm+Ui=Vi where Ui is the particles velocity if the wheel's center of mass wasn't moving so just v=omega*R I'm assuming and Vcm is the velocity of the center of mass and Vi is the total velocity of the...
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