- #1
BillKet
- 312
- 29
Hello! Are there any diatomic molecules containing potassium that can be produced and are stable (in terms of the chemical bonding) both as positive ions and as neutral molecules? Thank you!
I am a bit confused. If you remove one electron from them, won't the bond break? Hence you can't have them as positive ions.Baluncore said:
Thank you for the reply and sorry for the loose post. It doesn't have to be STP. I am interested mainly in producing them for spectroscopic studies, so if they are produced by (say) laser ablation, hence at quite high temperatures, that is totally fine. However, in the case of KF+, I thought that the removed electron is the bonding one, which would make the molecule break apart.TeethWhitener said:You’d have to define stable. At STP, no. But potassium halides and KH (and probably many others) are stable as diatomics in the vapor phase. As for the ions, I’m not sure off the top of my head, but I can’t imagine KF+ falls apart whereas KF is stable in the vapor phase. I’ll do some more digging; a quick perusal of Herzberg didn’t give me quick answers.
It helps to work out the MO diagram. The MOs will be (approximately) linear combinations of the 4s valence subshell of K and the 2p valence subshell of F. The bonding orbital will be a sigma orbital that is actually lower in energy than the HOMO, which will be non-bonding p-type orbitals on F. So ionization of KF will remove an electron from a non-bonding orbital. Again, I haven’t found any experimental results, and I haven’t run an ab initio calculation on the system, but that’s what my gut says.BillKet said:Thank you for the reply and sorry for the loose post. It doesn't have to be STP. I am interested mainly in producing them for spectroscopic studies, so if they are produced by (say) laser ablation, hence at quite high temperatures, that is totally fine. However, in the case of KF+, I thought that the removed electron is the bonding one, which would make the molecule break apart.
BillKet said:Are there any diatomic molecules containing potassium that can be produced and are stable (in terms of the chemical bonding) both as positive ions and as neutral molecules?
And that is why I thought the OP contained a contradiction. It seems to me you have defined the species you are looking for out of existence.BillKet said:I am a bit confused. If you remove one electron from them, won't the bond break? Hence you can't have them as positive ions.
Why would that be the case? For example, BaF exists both as a neutral molecule and as BaF+. As long as the removed electron is not bonding, the positive ion can still be stable.Baluncore said:And that is why I thought the OP contained a contradiction. It seems to me you have defined the species you are looking for out of existence.
It can still be stable even if the electron is removed from a bonding orbital. The simplest case is H2+.BillKet said:Why would that be the case? For example, BaF exists both as a neutral molecule and as BaF+. As long as the removed electron is not bonding, the positive ion can still be stable.
I agree, but this was my original question. Are there any diatomic molecules containing potassium that we know about (either theoretically or experimentally) to be stable both as neutral and ions?TeethWhitener said:It can still be stable even if the electron is removed from a bonding orbital. The simplest case is H2+.
I was banging my head against a wall with how ungoogleable your request for (e.g.,) the KCl cation was, when it occurred to me that it's completely obvious that KCl+ exists and can be easily detected: just look up mass spectrometry on KCl. MS only detects ions, and a quick google search pulls up scads of results on the mass spectrum of KCl+ (in its various isotopic forms).BillKet said:I agree, but this was my original question. Are there any diatomic molecules containing potassium that we know about (either theoretically or experimentally) to be stable both as neutral and ions?
The chemical formula for a diatomic molecule containing potassium is K2.
The structure of a diatomic molecule containing potassium is linear, with the two potassium atoms bonded together by a single covalent bond.
Diatomic molecules containing potassium are colorless, odorless, and have a low melting and boiling point. They are also highly reactive and can easily form compounds with other elements.
Diatomic molecules containing potassium are commonly used as reducing agents in the production of metals, such as aluminum and titanium. They are also used in the production of fertilizers and as a heat transfer medium in some nuclear reactors.
In its pure form, diatomic molecules containing potassium are not harmful to humans. However, they can react violently with water, releasing flammable hydrogen gas, and must be handled with caution. In compounds, potassium can be toxic if ingested in large amounts, but it is an essential nutrient for the human body in small doses.