If a set of numbers contains "more elements" than a countable infinite set, that doesn't necessarily mean the set is uncountable.
Look at the set of all integers and the set of all even integers. The set of all integers has more elements than the set of all even integers. The set of all even...
There are two possibilities for x: either x is greater than or equal to 3, or x is less than 3.
If x ≥ 3, what does the inequality look like (i.e. without the absolute value)?
x^3 isn't concave downward on the entire real line. Your professor is saying that functions that are concave downward at every point do have their tangent lines above the graph.
Suppose x is a complex number, and not in f(C). Let M > |x|. Then there exists N such that if |z| > N, then |f(z)| > M. The set {y: |y| ≤ N} is compact.
Edit: x is either a limit point of f(C), or it isn't. If it's not, choose M so that the open ball with radius M centered at (0,0) contains the...
Here's an idea for the first part:
Split (1/2, 1) into a countable number of subintervals. Specifically, (1/2, 3/4), (3/4, 7/8), (7/8, 15/16), etc. Let the functional value for all the irrationals in (1/2, 1) be zero. Let the functional value for the rationals in each subinterval be (1/n)...
"The distance" never actually becomes zero. Are you familiar with the epsilon-delta definition of the limit? To truly understand the concept of a limit, you need to understand that definition.