Unpolarized light consists of electromagnetic waves with randomly oriented waveforms, typically generated by sources like light bulbs or the sun, where atomic energy level changes occur independently. This randomness leads to a symmetrical distribution of light waves perpendicular to the direction of propagation. In contrast, polarized light has a specific orientation, resulting from non-symmetric wave generation, such as that from radio and radar waves. The discussion also highlights the functionality of polarized sunglasses, which block light at certain orientations, indicating the presence of polarized light. Understanding these distinctions is crucial for grasping the nature of light and its applications.