To determine the tension in the string of a rotating ball, first calculate the velocity using the formula v = 2πr/T, where T is the period of rotation. Given that the ball revolves twice per second, the period T is 0.5 seconds. This velocity is then used to find the centripetal acceleration with the formula a_c = v^2/r. The relationship between centripetal acceleration and tension in the string is expressed through the equation m * a_c = F_T + F_g, where F_g is the gravitational force. The discussion highlights the need for step-by-step calculations to arrive at the correct tension value.