NFW Dark Matter Halos and Virial Radius

zephyr5050
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I've been working with NFW Dark Matter Halos recently. This is a particular density model for the halo developed by Navarro, Frenk, & White (NFW). The density structure has the form
\rho (r) = \frac{\delta_c \rho_c}{(r/r_s)(1+r/r_s)^2}
where
\delta_c = \frac{200}{3} \frac{c^3}{ln(1+c)-c/(1+c)}
r_s = r_{200}/c
and \rho_c is the critical density of the universe (as a function of redshift). The parameter r_{200} is the virial radius which is defined as the radius at which the mass density of the halo is 200\rho_c.

Now we can't really talk about the mass of this halo because the integral from 0 to \infty diverges. Instead, we use the fiducial radius r_{200} and define the quantity M_{200} to be the mass inside the radius r_{200}. It can be shown that
M_{200} = \frac{800\pi}{3}\rho_c r_{200}^3
While all this makes sense to me, there's one thing that I don't understand here. Where does this 200 come from? Why say r_{200} \equiv 200 \rho_c? Is there any logic to this, is it historical, arbitrary? What's going on here?
 
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I think it's basically historical and arbitrary. You have to draw a line somewhere, and the accepted way to do it is when the average density of the cluster falls to 200X the critical density. It's not universal, however. You will find papers referring to R500, R100, R150, etc., all defined in the same way, but with different multipliers.
 
Do you happen to know the paper which proposed this commonly accepted line? If any?
 
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Recombination_(cosmology) Was a matter density right after the decoupling low enough to consider the vacuum as the actual vacuum, and not the medium through which the light propagates with the speed lower than ##({\epsilon_0\mu_0})^{-1/2}##? I'm asking this in context of the calculation of the observable universe radius, where the time integral of the inverse of the scale factor is multiplied by the constant speed of light ##c##.
The formal paper is here. The Rutgers University news has published a story about an image being closely examined at their New Brunswick campus. Here is an excerpt: Computer modeling of the gravitational lens by Keeton and Eid showed that the four visible foreground galaxies causing the gravitational bending couldn’t explain the details of the five-image pattern. Only with the addition of a large, invisible mass, in this case, a dark matter halo, could the model match the observations...
Hi, I’m pretty new to cosmology and I’m trying to get my head around the Big Bang and the potential infinite extent of the universe as a whole. There’s lots of misleading info out there but this forum and a few others have helped me and I just wanted to check I have the right idea. The Big Bang was the creation of space and time. At this instant t=0 space was infinite in size but the scale factor was zero. I’m picturing it (hopefully correctly) like an excel spreadsheet with infinite...

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