Atmosphere Definition and 396 Threads

Homework Statement The atmosphere of a star has a mean radiation pressure of 0.33 N m-2and a mean gas pressure of 8300 N m-2. Calculate: a) the mean number density of particles in the stellar atmosphere, and b) the radiation pressure in a stellar atmosphere with twice the effective...

Hey guys, I'm writing a story where Earth suffers a catastrophic event, destroying all surface and ocean life. The surface is basically bathed in intense radiation. To be more specific, Earth is attacked by aliens, and ships destroyed during the battle in orbit crash into the planet below...

Hello, Due to all the buzz by Mars One, my friend and I have been discussing hypothetical possibilities for long term colonization of Mars. He suggests the only long term solution is to extract O2 from the Ice on Mars and give the planet a breathable atmosphere. he did the math and calculated...

Homework Statement Hi everyone, I'm currently studying an online course on climate science and am a bit overwhelmed by the calculus. I have studied calculus to second year of college but that was a while ago and I'm very rusty. A few weeks ago I was a question to find the how long it would...

I'm trying to get a basic understanding of Earth's origins in order to teach an advanced oceanography course to high school students this summer. The course starts with one lecture on the origins of the universe, solar system, the earth, and the ocean. Why did Earth lose its first atmosphere...

Homework Statement An exponential model for the density of the earth’s atmosphere says that if the temperature of the atmosphere were constant, then the density of the atmosphere as a function of height, h (in meters), above the surface of the Earth would be given by δ(h) = 1.28e(−0.000124h)...

If g (acceleration due to gravity) was double on Earth, how tall would our atmosphere be?

Hi all We know white sun light consist of seven colours and that when it passes through the atmosphere then due atmosphere it scatters. Amount of scattering is more for shorter wavelengths( maximum for voilet). Due to multiple scattering the effect of voilet scattering washes away and blue...

Lets say there is a gas giant similar to Jupiter orbiting a yellow star similar to our Sun. The planet and moon orbit at a distance that would resemble in between Mars and Earth. So the moon would receive 70% the sunlight that Earth receives. Around this planet exists a moon with 0.064 Earth...

Hello dear people, I'm Evrim, 18 years old, from the Netherlands. Dear people, I am this time things investigating about science. I'm almost done with my questions, Really it will be good and u make me than happy if u can help me. - Dear people was during or after the formation of ranges of...

I was wondering at what temperature would Titan's atmospheric particles reach escape velocity? Since Titan lacks the mass to hold onto its present atmosphere then would I be wrong to conclude that what holds such a thick atmosphere is the extremely low temperatures found on Titan?

Lets say Earths atmosphere with the same composition of gases was 500 bar. Would the sky be red instead of blue because light from the Sun would have to travel through more atmosphere?

If a clear view is available of the horizon,theory says that I'll be able to view the Earth's shadow(the curvature of the Earth in the direction of sunlight). Is it possible to calculate the curvature of the Earth just by looking at this different colored band in the horizon? Was it done...

Homework Statement What should be the temperature of a spherical asteroid located between Mars and Jupiter, twice as far from the Sun as Earth? The asteroid has no atmosphere and its albedo is .15. Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution The asteroid is twice as far from...

Homework Statement To estimate the temperature of the Saturn' atmosphere? (We need to use rotational spectra of CO)Homework Equations B=\frac{h}{8\pi^2 I C} cm^{-1} The Attempt at a Solution I calculated the rotational constant B of CO. I don't know how to proceed further.

I was wondering if someone could help me with the current and foreseeable technology to use Earth's energy (nuclear, hydro, etc.) to actually scrub the atmosphere of CO2 and other gases. I'm curious if this is even possible and how it might be done. I've been trolling the internet for this...

Heat is more in ground than in mountains. Why? Mountains are nearer to sun,then what happens? Thanks!

I understand the electromagnetic spectrum travels below speed c in Earth’s atmosphere. Is there any part of the spectrum which remains at speed c, or indeed anything which travels at speed c in the atmosphere? Thanks

What would Earth be like if the atmosphere was twice as thick at 2 bar? How would it affect the daily and seasonal variation in temperature and weather? How would it have affected life in general and if we grew up in this environment how would we be different?

Why doesn't a mercury barometer containing vacuum get crushed by the atomospheric pressure? Here is what I think might be the reason. Although there is vacuum inside a mercury barometer, that vacuum is pressurized by the atmosphere that pushes mercury from the reservoir. That pressure is...

At any given moment do scientists have an idea of how much water is in the atmosphere? Can we compare it to how much fresh water is stored on Earth as a liquid?

There are numerous threads here about ball lightning but I am not exactly sure have any of those addressed this issue? Now a ball lightning even though haven't been duplicated in the lab is most likely a some sort of sphere or form of a plasma or ionized gas that has to do with charges and...

I've often heard there's no solid ground in the gas giants, but do we know this for a fact or are we just guessing based off the math?

Part 1: Consider ##n## balls ##B_1##, ##B_2##, ..., ##B_n## having masses ##m_1##, ..., ##m_n##, such that ##m_1\ll m_2\ll ...\ll m_n##. The ##n## balls are stacked above each other. The bottom of ##B_1## is a height ##h## above the ground, and the bottom ##B_n## is a height ##\ell## above the...

Dear Phyisics Forum, I registered here in hope to find some help as I plan a videogame and really have to solve some "small" idea I have. More likely a way how to explain it. In basic I want to explain how a Nuclear Explosion ("regular" Nuke with uranium, i guess) can cause a chain reaction...

What happens to atoms such as gold, lead, and other heavy elements when they come into the Earth's atmosphere as cosmic rays traveling at close to the speed of light? I know that supernovas are generally the only natural place where atoms heavier than iron are formed, and they also shoot out...

I am trying to devise a way to test the electrical conductivity/resistivity of the atmosphere through rising altitudes. The platform for the experiment is a NASA weather balloon with the allowance of a 1 kg payload. I have started by creating a sort of leaky capacitor design which involves the...

Hi, consider a Moon Crater hidden from direct sunlight that has an average temperature about -60 Celcius (213 K). It is quite possible that somewhere on the Moon such crater exists. I choose -60 Celsius because it is the average Winter temperature at the South Pole and thus possible lowest...

hi all, me and my friend were arguing today. We read that a cricket ball requires 11 km/s to leave the atmosphere. Now not taking friction/drag into account would this velocity be sufficent for any mass to leave the earth. Thanks.

I have been urinating into a plastic bottle lately (I will not elaborate why), and have been finding the bottle to hold a vacuum the following morning. What I find strange is that even without temperature fluctuations, my bottle produces a vacuum after several hours of being left alone. It is in...

Besides low gravity and high doses of radiation, one of the more intractable difficulties in terraforming Mars is that if we build its atmosphere back up, then presumably it would lose it again via the same mechanisms it lost it the first time (ie solar wind, warmth, and low gravity)...

I would like to analyse the effects of passing a laser/microwave through the Earth's atmosphere, in relation to space-based solar power. As I can't do my experiment on the real scale. I would like to know if it's possible to scale it down. I.e. replicating the relative amounts of gas at...

Homework Statement I am supposed use stat mech to find the particle density in Earth's atmosphere given only the particle mass, and temperature, and the planet's mass I guess. And I don't really know where to begin. Obviously I need to use the grand canonical ensemble but I don't know where to...

What would be the effect on day night period if there were no atmosphere? I mean would the days become longer or shorter? Why?PS:Admims,Trust me its not my homework...

I have a gas container which contains gas at high pressure. The gas container is fitted with a capillary tube which opens into the atmosphere. Now we have a stopcock fitted to the capillary tube. We opens the stop cock slightly and allows the gas to leak outside. The process will go on till the...

Let's say that a planet of approximately Earth's size - containing, as Earth does, core heat - were tossed out of orbit. Could it maintain any sort of atmosphere, or would all the component gases liquify and freeze, or be gradually lost to space? If it could retain any atmosphere, what gaseous...

Homework Statement 1. Estimate the concentration of oxygen in the Earth's atmosphere (in molecules / m^3), at room temperature and at sea-level, assuming the fact that oxygen comprises 21 percent of the Earth's atmosphere by volume. 2. If you were to place a perfect oxygen sensor of...

Is it because the speed at which the asteroid is coming in greatly increases the friction between it and the air molecules in the atmosphere?

At ground level, the air pressure measured with a barometer is 1000 mb. The barometer is lifted upward by a weather balloon. When the balloon reaches 2 km above the ground, the measured air pressure is 800 mb. Explain why the air pressure decreased. After the balloon goes up another 2 km (now 4...

Homework Statement See attachment Homework Equations Centripetal acceleration Mv^2/r The Attempt at a Solution I guess the answer to be D But I am not quite sure about the same rate of acceleration. If we hypothetically remove the space station and visualize the astronaut orbiting around...

Hello, can I calculate the pression of the atmosphere at a certain height using the gravitational law ? thank you

~50 years ago, Richard P. Feynman asserted that the reason the atmosphere is colder at higher elevation is because "The ground is heated by the sun, and the re-radiation of heat to the sky comes from water vapor high in the atmosphere; so at high altitudes the air is cold--very cold--whereas...

I am modelling the atmosphere as a perfect, static gas subject to uniform gravity, assuming ideal gas equation, the density is found to follow: p=A*exp(-z/H) where A is a const, z is the heigh, and L is the scale height. I want to know when this approximation breaks down! at what density? i am...

Homework Statement In Robert Heinlein's The Moon is a Harsh Mistress, the colonial inhabitants of the moon threaten to launch rocks down onto Earth if they are not given independence (or at least representation). Assuming that a gun could launch a rock of mass m at twice the lunar escape...

So I need a check on my calculations for the average number of atoms in a 1 meter cube of atmosphere at STP. I came up with 88.14 mols, here is how I did it: First I calculated the average amu using percentage in air by Nitorgen 78.08% @ 14.007 amu Oxygen 20.95% @ 15.999 amu Argon...

1.Atmospheric pressure is 101kPa a) Calculate the total force exerted by the atmosphere on the surface of the Earth. Radius of Earth is 6.4 Mm b)Calculate the mass of the Earth's atmosphere , State any assumptions made. P = F/A ρ = m/v [\b] [b]a) Surface area of a sphere is...

How to derive a formula for speed of falling body in Earth atmosphere? I know distance from surface, pressure at this distance, object mass, falling start point and point where I want to calculate the speed.

Objects burn up entering Earth's atmosphere. If we were to float high enough wouldn't the same thing happen? Or does` the rate of descent play a role?

Homework Statement Determine the mean molecular weight of the Martian atmosphere which is composed of 95% carbon dioxide, 3% nitrogen, 1.6% argon. What is the gas constant for 1kg of such an atmosphere? Using the value for R from the last problem assuming the surface temperature of Mars is...

Homework Statement Could a liquid thermometer register a temperature of -273° C when the air temperature is actually 500° C ? Where would this happen in the atmosphere, and why ? The Attempt at a Solution I have no idea. If someone could just give some possible tips on what it may...