Chiral Definition and 88 Threads

I have prepared chiral circularly polarized luminescent materials based on liquid crystal. The luminescence asymmetry factor(g lum) measured by the circular polarization spectrometer is in the order of 10^-1. However, the difference in light intensity cannot be viewed by the naked eyes under the...

I have this Lagrangian for a free massless left Weyl spinor, so it’s just the kinetic term, that can be written embedding the field into a larger Dirac spinor and then taking the left projector in this way: $$i \bar{\psi} \cancel{\partial} P_L \psi$$ Srednicki says that the momentum space...

As a biochemist, I deal with chirality of molecules all the time. If you have a tetrahedral molecule, for example a carbon atom, and all 4 vertices are labeled differently, as in different atoms on each one, then that molecule has a mirror-symmetric one that cannot be superimposed on the...

Hey all, I just wanted to double check my understanding of (26) in the following notes: https://arxiv.org/pdf/1512.08882.pdf. Is the reason that ##(U_{T}\cdot K) \cdot (U_{C}\cdot K) = U_{T}\cdot U_{C}^{*}## because ##K## is a unitary operators and thus ##(K\cdot U_{C}\cdot K) = U_{C}^{*}## as...

Hello! I started reading a bit about chiral molecules, and I have some questions. For reference, I will use this article for my questions. In Figure 1 in that article they show the energy levels for a typical chiral molecule (my question is for the case in which the left/right enantiomers are...

"Resolution of enantiomers can be accomplished using column chromatography. When enantiomers are passed through a traditional column, they travel at the same rate because their properties are identical. However, if a chiral adsorbent is used, the enantiomers interact with the adsorbent...

If light passes into a birefringent material with constant fast and slow directions, ##\hat{x}## and ##\hat{y}##, that are oriented the same way at any point in the crystal, then the electric field is$$\vec{E}(z,t) = E_0\hat{x}\cos{(\theta_0)}e^{i\omega(t - \frac{n_x}{c}z)} +...

Hello! I am a bit confused about neutrinos in the standard model. The vertex of the weak interaction charged current, implies that any neutrino interacting through the charged current must be left handed. However the neutral current allows coupling to the right handed particles, too (and we see...

In this article it discusses the generation of something called super chiral light and claims with metamaterials they can make it have very high angular momentum like l=100. What does that really mean? How does that relate in magnitude to the normally computed linear momentum of a photon p=h/λ...

Sometimes I hear particle physicists refer to left/right chiral electrons as different particles that are 'mixed' by the mass term. Maybe I misunderstood entirely, but if there is even a handwavy sense in which this is the case, clarifications would be appreciated. In high energy collisions...

Hello! I am a bit confused about the non-existence of right handed chiral neutrinos. Is this and experimental fact, or it follows from the theory directly? And if it is experimental, how can one test that? Can the chirality be measured? Thank you!

I am Professor of Inorganic Chemistry of the State University of Southwest of Bahia - UESB. I have a PhD from UFMG in Natural Product Chemistry. I use the polarimeter in my experiments and would like to understand what happens on a micro scale (chiral molecules) to provide the phenomenon of...

Consider the Dirac Lagrangian, L =\overline{\psi}\left(i\gamma^{\mu}\partial_{\mu}-m\right)\psi, where \overline{\psi}=\psi^{\dagger}\gamma^{0} , and show that, for \alpha\in\mathbb{R} and in the limit m\rightarrow0 , it is invariant under the chiral transformation...

Homework Statement Find if a molecule is chiral or not. It is 2-chloropentane Homework Equations IF the mirror image is superimposable to the molecule it is not chiral. The Attempt at a Solution Well I wrote the structural formula in 2D and I thought it was not chiral.(bottom ) But the book...

The quark sector of the QCD lagrangian can be written as (restricting to two flavours) $$\mathcal L = \sum_{i=u,d} \bar q_i ( i \gamma_{\mu} D^{\mu} + m) q_i .$$ Write ##q = (u d)^T## and $$M = \begin{pmatrix} m_u & 0 \\ 0 & m_d \end{pmatrix}$$ Given that the masses of the u and d quarks are...

...the axial Chiral current formulas use the symbol J^5...i.e.,( "J" with a post script 5. ) What is the reason for the "5" ..??

Dear all Do we have chiral symmetry for weak interaction? I know that weak interaction is chiral. thank you

I was thinking about hadrons in general Yang-Mills theory and I have some doubts that I'd like to discuss with you. Suppose that we have a Yang-Mills theory that, like QCD, tend to bind quarks into color singlet states. So far nothing strange, even QED tend to bind electromagnetic charges to...

Text says that threonine and isoleucine have a chiral carbon in sidechain. I am not seeing it. The carbon in the sidechain that is next to the alpha carbon is attached to an oxygen, a hydrogen, a carbon (a methyl group) and the alpha carbon. So that means its attached to two carbons, so...

I will start with a summary of my confusion: I came across seemingly contradictory transformation rules for left and right chiral spinor in 2 books, and am unable to understand what part is Physics and what part is convention. Or is it that one of the two books incorrectly writes the...

I wonder why the number of chiral centres in sorrbital is 4? Why isn't it 2? Is it because the H-C-OH bond cannot be rotated? Otherwise isn't the two chiral centres above identical to the 2 at the bottom?

Homework Statement The Attempt at a Solution My issue here is the priority, I know OH has the greatest priority, and H the least, but I really cannot figure out the priority of the other 2 bonded to the carbon... ??

Homework Statement Say you have a chiral center carbon, attached to it are a H, a CH3, an OH, and a CH2CH2OH. The H is pointing away from you, and in a clockwise direction it goes, CH3, OH, CH2CH2OH My question is what is the priority of this? My main confusion is in the fact that since both...

Thinking aloud. Most descriptions of chiral symmetry breaking nowadays present it as something happening in QCD. But it was defined well before of the quark theory, and then it was something related to isospin symmetry. It is a bit puzzling because it seems as if pion mass were originated...

In four dimensions, left and right chiral fermion can be written as \psi_L= \begin{pmatrix} \psi_+\\ 0 \end{pmatrix},\qquad \psi_R= \begin{pmatrix} 0\\ \psi_- \end{pmatrix}, respectively, where \psi_+ and \psi_- are some two components spinors(Weyl spinors?). In this representation, the...

A Science Daily report discusses observations of cosmic gamma rays that suggest that magnetic fields in the universe disproportionately have left handed rather than right handed helicity. It goes on to suggest that under a 2001 theory of another physicist that this could explain...

I found this in "March's Advanced organic chemistry" After that step, on using HCl in pentane, you will get 4-methyl-3-Heptanone. So this method was used to convert achiral 2-pentanone to a chiral compound, by first converting it to the compound on left by addition reaction and then using a 2...

Why must the gauge group be in a complex representation so that chirality of the fermions is respected? thanks

I was trying to learn renormalization in the context of ChPT using momentum-space cut-off regularization procedure at one-loop order using order of p^2 Lagrangian. So, 1. There are counter terms in ChPT of order of p^4 when calculating in one-loop order using Lagrangian of order p^2 . 2...

Was reading how do vectors transform under chiral transformation and found the following: If $$V^\mu$$ is a vector; set $$ V^\mu = \bar{\psi} \gamma^\mu \psi= $$ $$\bar{\psi}\gamma^\mu e^{-i\alpha\gamma^5}e^{i\alpha\gamma^5}\psi =$$ $$\bar{\psi}\gamma^\mu\psi = V^\mu $$ My questions are why...

How does the spin of a pair of particles work if both particles are known to be chiral? generically if I sum the spins of two different (EDIT: spin 1/2, indeed ;-) particles I expect to get a triplet with S=1 \uparrow\uparrow, \uparrow\downarrow+\downarrow\uparrow, \downarrow\downarrow and...

Hi, I have a question in Srednicki's QFT textbook. In p.460 section 75(about Chiral gauge theory), it says "In spinor electrodynamics, the fact that the vector potential is odd under charge conjugation implies that the sum of these diagrams(exact 3photon vertex at one-loop) must vanish."...

In a comment http://motls.blogspot.com.es/2014/07/cms-sees-650-gev-leptoquarks.html#comment-1479399237 to Motl's blog, there are some reference to "chiral leptoquarks". I am guessing that this is an object which is not a Dirac fermion, ie it only exists one of the two chiral components of it...

Suppose we have a superfield \Phi(x,\theta,\bar{\theta}) this can be expanded in component fields in the standard way as: \Phi(x,\theta,\bar{\theta})= c(x) + \theta \psi(x) + \bar{\theta} \bar{ζ}(x) + \theta^{2} F(x) + \bar{\theta}^{2} Z(x) + \theta \sigma^{\mu} \bar{\theta} u_{\mu}(x) +...

Why is the chiral symmetry breakdown determined for the vector/axial current as: V = \frac{m_{π^{+}}-m_{π^{0}}}{m_{π^{0}}+m_{π^{+}}}\approx 0.01 A= \frac{m_{π^{+}}-m_{f^{0}}}{m_{f^{0}}+m_{π^{+}}}\approx 1 ? why do we choose the difference between the pion+ (~140MeV) and pion0 (~135MeV)...

Imagine mirror image of a cell - built from a scratch using mirror images (enantiomers) of molecules of the original cell. It should work as standard one, but use e.g. L-sugars instead of our D-sugars: article. Some possible applications: - doubling the space of possible enzymes we could...

How to find chiral centres of rings structures?For example take the following ringhttp://img203.imageshack.us/img203/7994/8vmq.jpg How to calculate no. of chiral centres?? thanks

In peskin at page 319 right above equation (10.6) he writes "If the constant term in a taylor expansion of the self energy were proportional to the cutoff ##\Lambda##, the electron mass shift would also have a term proportional to ##\Lambda##. But the electron mass shift must actually be...

Homework Statement Look at the image please. The image shows 3 pairs of compounds. Explain why the first two are not chiral but the last one is chiral. Homework Equations Ar means Aromatic ring Aquirais means aquiral Quirais means chiral The Attempt at a Solution...

Studying conformal field theory, I tried to derive general expression for the commutation relations of the modes of two chiral quasi-primary fields. At first, I expressed the modes \phi_{(i)m} and \phi_{(j)n} as contour integrals over each fields, and took commutation relation. I used...

I'm way outside my realm of knowledge here so perhaps I need some help polishing my question or the concepts behind it. Thank you for your patience. Does the orientation of circularly polarized light (CPL) as a reaction mechanism influence the chirality of the molecule in a general manner...

I'm studying chiral symmetry in QCD. I understand that in order for a spontaneous symmetry breaking to occur, there must be some state with a vacuum expectation value different from zero. My question is: can someone prove that is the chiral symmetry is an exact symmetry of the QCD then...

Compounds B and D both have no chiralaty centers - but it seems to me that B has a plane of symmetry so it's achiral, and D has no plane of symmetry so it's chiral. I always thought though, that if a compound has no chiral centers then you can say with conffidence it's achiral. Is my analysis...

I am reading the paper "Covariant Action for a D=11 Five-Brane with the Chiral Field" and want to make an analog for the chiral field in 2 dimensions. But I don't know at the starting point, for if I take the local coordinates of the worldvolume to be ##x^m (m=0,1)##, the dual field strength...

A C8H12 chiral hydrocarbon, X, is reduced by catalytic Hydrogenation to an achiral C8H14. Ozonolysis (Oxidative) of X gave a chiral C8H12O4 dicarboxylic acid. Choose X from the given. Attempt I first determined the chirality of the given alternatives. That rules out the 2nd option, as it...

I don't understand why it's chiral. It's not like any of the phenyl rings are stuck in a single resonance structure.

I just want to make sure that I am doing some things correctly. I'll be using http://www.physics.umd.edu/courses/Phys741/xji/chapter5.pdf from about 5.64 on. The kinetic term : \frac{f^2}{4} Tr[D_{\mu} \Sigma D^{\mu} \Sigma^{\dagger}] Now if I want to expand this out, as \Sigma =e^{i...

What makes something chiral, but not an enantiomer? It seems like they have the exact same definition

I'm doing this same problem found on the following link for a biochemistry homework. http://www.chegg.com/homework-help/questions-and-answers/nucleoside-phosphorothioates-synthetic-nucleotide-analogs-used-enzymology-molecular-biolog-q1481931 My question is regarding both finding the...

I have been studying stereochemistry and it says that optically active molecules(chiral molecules) rotate plane of polarisation. I suppose that's because of the electrons in the molecule. I know that all molecules can rotate the plane of polarisation but when achiral moelcules are present in...