Pd Definition and 45 Threads

Well different microcontrollers act differently on a system. A pure P microcontroller reduces the error and increases the final value , a pure I microcontroller nullifies the error and increases the final value and a pure D microcontroller increases the error and keeps the final value the same...

The PD code [(2, 3, 1, 4), (4, 1, 3, 2)] seems to map to a non-unique knot diagram. I can describe the following two Hopf links with different orientations with this same PD code. As I understand it, while a link diagram does not have a unique PD code, a given PD code should map to just one knot...

Hi, I'm trying to solve the number 5 and 6. Now I'm wondering what happens when I add H2/Pd/C on the 4th (after the question 4) molecule. I know that it will reduce pi bonds to sigma bonds, but will it affect the cetal group? Because if it does't I'm not quite sure that I'll be able to do the...

I attempted this assignment, and scored a 5/10. The solutions are not given until a later date. I need to understand this material before I progress to the next section. The following are my attempts at the solution. The number of cycles in each pulse increases: The PD is determined by the...

In parallelogram $ABCD$, $\angle B$ and $\angle D$ are acute while $\angle A$ and $\angle C$ are obtuse. The perpendicular from $C$ to $AB$ and the perpendicular from $A$ to $BC$ intersect at $P$ inside the parallelogram. If $PB=700$ and $PD=821$, find $AC$.

I still did not understand this from my previous threads, what is the way to determine the instantaneous voltage across the cavity plates at any given moment, in a klystron I suppose the voltage would be proportional to the arriving electron bunch density which would determine the overall bunch...

Hello, I have a problem with the rotary lobe pump, it causes a very loud noise when running. The pump specs are as follows: Liquid: Syrup (The liquid is in the 15,000 liters tank.) Viscosity: 2200 cPs Temp: Ambient Flowrate: 15 m3/hr Discharge pressure: less than 2 bar (open ended pipe) Inlet...

Homework Statement [/B] In my excercise book, I was given a typical diagram as that in Fig (6-7) above. And the problem statement says: The diagram presents the x-ray spectrum produced by Coolidge tube. Determine the least potential difference needed to produce the characteristic radiation...

Homework Statement Homework Equations Kirchhoff;s first and second law, V=IR The Attempt at a Solution Tried the question as follows: V= 24/(2+6+4) = 24/12 = 2V (pd from top cell) then did 2=4 I3 therefore I3 = 0.5A and then 2 = 6I2 I2 = 0.33A and I1 = 0.5+0.33... =0.83A?

Homework Statement Two parallel metal sheets of length 10 cm are separated by 20 mm in a vacuum. A narrow beam of electrons enters symmetrically between them as shown. When a PD of 1000 V is applied between the plates the electron beam just misses one of the plates as it emerges. Calculate...

Homework Statement ABCD is a plane rectangular strip of conducting material of uniform thickness, with a steady current flowing uniformly from AD to BC. The potential difference between E and F, the mid-points respectively of AB and CD, is zero, but when a magnetic field is set up at right...

Homework Statement In the following circuit, cell A has an EMF of 10 V and an internal resistance of 2 Ω; cell B has an EMF of 3 V and an internal resistance of 3 Ω. (a) Show that the currents through A and B are 65 / 71 amps and 14 / 71 amps respectively. What is the magnitude of the...

Homework Statement A string of electric lamps for decorating a Christmas tree consists of 20 12 V lamps connected in series across the 240 V mains. The power consumption of the whole string is 24 W. (a) What is the resistance of each lamp? (b) If one lamp becomes short-circuited, what is...

Homework Statement When answering the questions below, you may assume that the source resistance is negligible and that each diode has a potential difference of 0.6 V across it when conducting. For the circuit below calculate (a) the current in the 30 Ω resistor, (b) the current in the 60 Ω...

Hi, This question on PD control is from a practice quiz. 1. Homework Statement If you can't see it- the question asks to find values for Kp and Kd such that the system achieves 5% OS and has a settling time Ts of 3s. Cs = 3 Cd = 2 m = 5Homework Equations ω_n^2/(s^2 + 2ζw_n + ω_n^2) - 2nd...

hello there, how to tune PI, PD and PID controller according to rule of thumb?

Homework Statement Find the pd accros C2 Homework Equations Q=CV The Attempt at a Solution i find C23 = (C2C3)/ (C2 + C3) then find Q23 = V x C23 Q23 = Q2 = C2V2 => V2 i used this and got V2 = 15V , however the answer is 20V , and i even didnt use the data of C1 . am i wrong somewhere ?

Is there a direct reason that gold, silver, and palladium are so much softer than the rest of the transition metals? Gold and silver are especially soft. I could not think of any reason myself, or in a quick search of the internet. Everything that I've come up with I've shot down. Thanks in...

1. Homework Statement The problem is not answering the questions, as supplied by the book The book then asks you to reverse both diodes, so you still have one diode in the circuit that let's current pass through it and one that does not. When you solve for the PD at Q you use the 0.6V...

Hi, I've recently been reading up on circuit electricity and as the title states have found difficulty understanding the difference between pd of a source and a component from the textbooks I've been reading. So far I am to believe that the pd of a circuit is directly proportional to its...

Homework Statement I have two questions. Both questions are in the picture below. Dont mind my workings lol http://img163.imageshack.us/img163/5680/scanpic0001qe.jpg Ans to the 1st qn: C The potential difference across the 3ohm resistor is zero. Thus, it can be considered that the 4ohm and...

Homework Statement Calculate the cell potential at 25°C for the cell: Fe (s) | (Fe^2+ (0.100 M) || Pd^2+ (1.0*10^-5 M) | Pd (s) given that the standard potential for Fe^2+/Fe is -0.45 V and for Pd^2+/Pd is +0.95 V. A. +1.28 V B. +1.16 V C. +1.52 V D. +1.68 V Homework Equations E Cell...

Why is this a spring-damper system considered to behave like a PD controller? The spring I am assuming would be the current error and so I guess the damper would provide information about the future error. How does the damper provide information about what the error will be in the future?

Homework Statement Describe how you would show experimentally that the pd across a capacitor of fixed capacitance is proportional to the charge stored on the plates? Homework Equations The Attempt at a Solution So the most obvious thing would be to place a voltmeter in parallel to...

First question: If A is pd, then A^-1 is pd. Outline of answer: If A is pd, then there exists a nonsingular matrix P st A=P'P Then A^-1 = (P'P)^-1 = (P^-1) * (P^-1)' = (P^-1)' * (P^-1) 3. If (P^-1)' * (P^-1), then there exists a A^-1 that is positive definite Second question: If...

nnd = non negative definite matrix pd = positive definite I'm having a tough time grappling with the concept of pd, psd matrices in general. My understanding basically just boils down to this, basically after multiplying everything out using the matrix formula x'Ax, you will get some sort of...

When accelerating an electron through a PD of 10^3, that will give a momentum of 1 MeV/c right? Or is there something I'm not taking into account with relativity? Thanks :D

Hi, I'm taking a control engineering course and I've got a little doubt about PD controllers. Here is my root locus plot: http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/535/controlw.png/ I have the system defined by the poles in the root locus with some design specifications that are satisfied when the...

Homework Statement What potential difference is measured across a 23 ohm load resistor when it is connected across a battery of emf 7.99 V and internal resistance 0.555 ohms Answer in units of V Homework Equations V=IR V=emf - Ir The Attempt at a Solution V=IR emf-Ir=IR...

All the books I have read say that when a proportional derivative controller is used the natural frequency remains the same. However, this is true only when the proportional part of the PD is unity. Otherwise the natural frequency is multiplied by Kp i.e. if the original...

when is terminal pd greater than emf ?

Homework Statement Charges +q and -q at points A and B respectively separated by distance R. Required to calculate the potential difference between these 2 points. Homework Equations I want to do in two ways.. i.e once by integrating the electric field and the other by directly finding the...

Homework Statement A parallel plate capacitor is charged by a battery to 20 V and then disconnected . A simple pendulum consists of a metal bob which is suspended by a nylom thread is placed in the middle of the plates of the capacitor . Then the bob is oscillated towards the negative plate...

An electron is accelerated from rest through a potential difference of 2 X 10^6 V. I need the velocity of the electron in order to calculate the energy of the particle. Using 1/2mv^2=u doesn't work because you get v > c. I can't seem to find an eqn to make the relativistic correction. Could...

Question leads on from others where s^1/2 = 200GeV mH = 70GeV EH = 91.5GeV and p = 59GeV, (three momentum). The reaction was e+e- -> HZ0 where H is higgs boson and Z0 is the Z0 boson with mass 91GeV It says the Z0 decays to two muon and antimuon. They are observed to be equal energy in...

I've been trying to remove a benzyl protecting group of a phenol and also remove a CBZ protecting group on a secondary amine by standard hydrogenation of the material with 10% Pd on Carbon. My protected molecule is very lipophilic and soluble in DCM. The reason I added methanol was because the...

I need to do my first planning and design lab but I need some general tips. The observation is that when fruits are wrapped in paper and put in a cupboard they ripen quickly. The attempt at a solution Now I have to come up with 3 hypothesis based on the obs. Am I right if I say: Fruits...

How do I determine NPIPA and NPIPR for PD oil pumps. I understand from limited research that suction condition is critical to the success of each application, but I do not know the formulas.

Homework Statement A capacitor of capacitance C stores an amount of energy E when the pd across it is V. Which line, A to D, gives the correct energy and pd when the charge is increased by 50%? Energy pd A) 1.25E 1.5V B) 2.25E 1.5V...

Homework Statement a current of 2A is flowing from a to b. what is the potential difference between the points? ______a______3ohm_____-20V+_____1ohm_______+6V-________b_____ hopefully my diagram makes sense. Homework Equations this is a really simple question and i can't answer...

Homework Statement For the double integrator described with transfer function G(s) = \frac{1}{s^2} the initial condition is zero. The double integrator is subjected to a unit‐feedback system where the controller is chosen as 1) a PI-controller with C(s) = k_p \left( 1 + \frac{1}{s}...

In a circuit that has a 12volt power supply and two 2- ohm resistors, R1 and R2, in series, the pd across each resistor is obviously 6v. If a 3rd resistor (also 2-ohm)R3, is placed in parallel across R2 then the pd across them changes to the following: R1=8v...

I was wondering if any pro chemists on here have a decent amount of experience doing suzuki coupling reactions. Currently I am trying to couple alkyl boronic acids to a bromo pyridine in the microwave, but seem to be having a lot of trouble. The only thing that I am observing so far is removal...

if i have two components in a series circuit and the resistance across one drops, does the pd across the other one increase?

Hello everyone! I am stuck on this simple problem... A car battery with a 12 V emf and an internal resistance of 0.050 is being charged with a current of 60 A. (a) What is the potential difference V across its terminals? wrong check mark V (b) What is the rate Pr of energy...